"Ancient Egypt" PPT

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"Ancient Egypt" PPT

Part One: Understanding Egypt - Politics

The establishment of the absolute monarchy:

After the unification of Egypt, the Nile River became a link to strengthen exchanges between the north and south of Egypt, and the country could use it to develop irrigated agriculture on a larger scale. A unified country, complex social contradictions and large-scale water conservancy projects all require the strengthening of national governance institutions and the power of the king.

A unified country, complex social contradictions and large-scale water conservancy projects all require the strengthening of national governance institutions and the power of the king.

Absolute monarchy - the supreme power of the pharaoh

① Claims to be the son of the sun and possesses supreme authority;

②To monopolize the country’s administrative power, dominate the country’s economy, and control the country’s military and judiciary;

③ Use the country’s huge manpower and material resources at will to build a grand mausoleum for yourself - the pyramid

Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 2: Understanding Egypt - Architecture

The ancient Greek historian Herodotus wrote based on rumors: "He (Khufu) forced all the people to work for him... They were divided into large groups of 100,000 people to work, and each large group had to work for 3 months... …The construction of the pyramid itself took 20 years.

According to research, the error of the four base lines of the Pyramid of Khufu is less than 20 centimeters. Compared with the total length of 230 meters, the error is within 1/1000; the maximum error of the four right angles of the base is no more than 3 minutes and 2 seconds, and the orientation of the four sides is the same as the accurate east-west, north-south The bearing error is only between 1 minute and 15 seconds and 5 minutes and 30 seconds.

Built around 2690 BC, the original height was 146.5 meters. Due to long-term weathering, 10 meters of the top peeled off, and the current height is 136.5 meters. Each side of the base is more than 230 meters long, with a triangular plane slope of 51 degrees, and the bottom area of ​​the tower is 52,900 square meters. The tower is made of 2.3 million stones, with each stone weighing an average of 2.5 tons.

The Mystery of the Pyramids - Origins

The ancient Egyptian king Osiris was killed by his evil brothers, his body was cut into pieces and thrown into the Nile River. Queen Isis was so distraught that she found the body, lay down on it and cried bitterly, which moved the Sun God. So the gods helped her restore the body parts to corpses and make mummies, that is, mummies. Osiris was reborn and became the ruler of the underworld. From then on, after every pharaoh died, the myth of Osiris was performed, mummified, placed in a sarcophagus, and then sent to the "permanent residence"-the pyramid. The ancient Egyptians believed that in this way, the souls of the pharaohs could live forever and be resurrected in the paradise world 3,000 years later.

The Mystery of the Pyramids - Numbers

Equation 1: (pyramid) self-weight × l0l5 = weight of the earth

Equation 2: (Pyramid) Tower height × 1 billion = distance from the earth to the sun 150 million kilometers

Equation 3: (Pyramid) tower height square = tower surface triangle area

Equation 4: (pyramid) base perimeter: tower height = circle circumference: radius

Equation 5: (pyramid) base perimeter x2 = equatorial hour division

Equation 6: (pyramid) base circumference ÷ (pyramid height × 2) = pi

Ancient Egypt PPT, the third part: Understanding Egypt - text

Hieroglyphics:

It was formed around 3000 BC. It is a kind of text that is similar to the shape of things and has a certain pronunciation.

ancient egyptian hieroglyphs

It was formed around 3000 BC. It is a text that resembles the shape of things and has a certain pronunciation.

Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 4: Understanding Egypt - Calendar Chapter

solar calendar

The solar calendar compiled by the ancient Egyptians was the first solar calendar in human history.

The Roman calendar and the Gregorian calendar we use today are all derived from this calendar

Calendar: Solar calendar

① Basis for formulation: According to the rise and fall of the Nile River and the growth patterns of crops.

②Basic content: A year is divided into 3 seasons, each season has 4 months, and each month has 30 days. At the end of the year, 5 days of religious festivals are added, making the year 365 days.

③Status: The first solar calendar in human history.

④Influence: The Roman calendar and today’s Gregorian calendar all originated from this.

Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 5: Understanding Egypt - Medicine

There are two methods for making mummies: one is for the embalmer to pull out the brain of the deceased from the nostrils, then use sharp stone chips to make an incision on the left side of the body and take out all the internal organs. The entrails and body cavity were thoroughly washed with palm wine, then a layer of crushed spices was sprinkled over the entrails and placed in four jars for storage. The body cavity is stuffed with crushed herbs, cinnamon and other spices, and the incisions are carefully sewn shut. Then, the body was buried in a mixture of salt and baking soda. After 70 days, it was taken out, washed, wrapped in a linen bandage, and a layer of resin was applied to the inner surface of the bandage as an adhesive. Finally, the mummy was put into a human-shaped box, returned to the deceased's home, and placed vertically against the wall. Another method was to fill the abdominal cavity of the deceased with cedar oil, so that the body could be more easily cleaned and preserved with soda and salt. After this kind of mummy is made, it is buried in the cemetery and can be preserved for thousands of years.

Ancient Egypt PPT, Part 6: Classroom Exercises

1. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus called Egypt "the gift of the Nile". This sentence means ( )

A. With ancient Egyptian civilization, there was the Nile River

B. The Nile gave birth to ancient Egyptian civilization

C. The ancient Egyptians loved the Nile River very much

D. The Nile River is a symbol of ancient Egypt

2. What became a symbol of ancient Egyptian civilization ( )

① Pyramid ② Hanging Garden

③The Sphinx ④The Code of Hammurabi.

A. ①② B. ①③

C. ②③ D. ①④

3. The earliest unified slave-owning country in the world was ( )

A. Ancient China

B. Ancient India

C. Ancient Egypt

D. The ancient Kingdom of Babylon

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"Ancient Egypt" PPT download:

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Update Time: 2024-11-23

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