"Greek City-States and Alexander's Empire" PPT

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"Greek City-States and Alexander's Empire" PPT

Part One: Teaching Objectives

1. Understand the Greek city-states and the development process and characteristics of Athenian democracy.

2. Master Alexander the Great's Eastern Crusades and the founding of his empire.

3. Experience the strengths and limitations of Athenian democracy. Understand the important contribution of Alexander's empire in cultural exchanges between the East and the West through event scenarios.

Teaching focus: Athenian democracy, Alexander’s empire’s contribution to world cultural integration.

Teaching difficulty: How to correctly understand the democratic politics of Athens.

Greek City-States and Alexander’s Empire PPT, Part 2: Greek City-States

1. Geographical location

The geographical scope of ancient Greece roughly included the Greek Peninsula, the Aegean Islands, the west coast of the Asia Minor Peninsula, the Black Sea coast, southern Italy and Sicily. The Greek Peninsula was the main body of ancient Greece.

2. The geographical environment characteristics of ancient Greece

Located in the Balkan Peninsula, facing the Aegean Sea to the east, it has a rugged coastline, many natural harbors, and dotted islands.

Excellent sailing conditions

Navigation, trade, and fishing are developed;

business prosperity

The pursuit of freedom and equality in thought

Seas and mountains divided the Greeks into isolated valleys and islands.

City-states abound

3. Origin of civilization

European civilization originated from Greek civilization

The beginning of Greek civilization was the Aegean civilization

4.City-state

Meaning: centered on a city or town

Time: 8th century BC

Location: West coast of Asia Minor and various parts of Greece

Characteristics: Small country with few people

Representative: Athens, Sparta (largest)

Think about it: residents of a Greek city-state were divided into citizens and non-citizens. Do you know the difference between the two?

(1) Only citizens can occupy land, and citizens can enjoy many rights. At the same time, it is a citizen's obligation to join the army and fight in war.

(2) Non-citizens include foreigners and slaves. Foreigners had no political rights and could not occupy land. Slaves had no rights or freedoms.

(3) The relationship between citizens and non-citizens is that of domination and being ruled. There is a clear distinction between the two, and it is extremely difficult to transform non-citizens into citizens.

Greek City-States and Alexander's Empire PPT, Part Three: Athenian Democracy

1. The establishment of the city-state of Athens

In the 8th century BC, city-states established by the Greeks appeared on the Greek Peninsula and the west coast of Asia Minor. Athens was one of the most important city-states. In the 6th century BC, the city-state of Athens became a famous slave republic.

The city-state of Athens is located in central Greece. After several reforms, Athens established a democratic political system, developed its economy, and became a powerful country. It once became the leader of more than 200 city-states.

2. The Age of Pericles

During the reign of Pericles in the mid-to-late 5th century BC, Athens reached its heyday and the development of slavery and democracy reached its peak.

Athenian democracy

(1) Public officials are selected by drawing lots from all citizens;

(2) The presidium selected by drawing lots takes turns presiding over the daily affairs of the city-state and convening citizens' meetings;

(3) The Citizens’ Assembly is the highest authority with legislative, judicial and other functions;

(4) Establish a subsidy system.

The vast majority of foreigners, slaves, and women had no rights

Discuss: How do you evaluate the highly developed slave-owning democracy in the Periclean era?

Positive impact: It provided political conditions and guarantees for the prosperity of Athens, developed the democratic politics of the ancient world to its peak, became a typical example, and also had a certain influence on modern Western democratic politics.

Limitations: It is a slave-owner democracy, which is essentially the dictatorship of a few slave-owners over the majority of slaves.

Greek City-States and Alexander's Empire PPT, Part 4: Alexander's Empire

Alexander (reigned 336 BC - 323 BC), King of Macedonia, son of Philip III. At that time, Aristotle, the "most learned man" in Greece, was his tutor. He was influenced by Greek culture since childhood and especially loved reading "Homer's Epic". Since the age of 16, he has been fighting with his father and marching south. At the age of 18, he commanded the right wing of the Macedonian army and defeated the Greek coalition. At the age of 20, he organized the eastern invasion as the supreme commander of the Macedonian and Greek coalition forces. It is said that during the expedition, he ordered everyone to "treat the world as their homeland."

1. Alexander’s Eastern Expeditions

In 334 BC, he invaded Asia Minor and defeated Persia the following year.

He occupied Egypt in 332 BC, returned to Asia the next year, continued to fight against Persia, and captured Babylon and other cities.

In 330 BC, the Persian Empire fell.

In 327 BC, they marched into India and occupied the Indus River Basin. Due to the stubborn resistance of the indigenous residents, the uncomfortable climate, and the general weariness of the soldiers, they were forced to retreat. Returned to Babylon in 325 BC.

2. Alexander’s Empire Territory

3. The influence of Alexander’s Eastern Expeditions

Negative impact: It brought huge disasters to the people of the East and plundered countless wealth from the Eastern world.

positive influence:

①Promoted the great intersection of Eastern and Western cultures

② Strengthened economic ties and trade exchanges between the East and the West

③The new city built by Alexander later became a new economic and cultural center.

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"Greek City-States and Alexander's Empire" PPT Download Part One Content: Greek City-States (Learning Points) 1. Geographic Scope 2. Natural Environment 3. Civilization Development 4. Greek City-States Geographic Environment: The Greek Peninsula is surrounded by the sea, has many mountains, many islands, and cultivated land Small area. East..

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"Greek City-States and Alexander's Empire" PPT courseware Part 1: New lesson introduction 1. In which city will the 28th Summer Olympics be held? A. Paris B. Athens 2. Which country is the birthplace of the Olympic Games? A. Greece B. Rome 3. At the 28th Summer Olympics in Athens...

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Update Time: 2024-09-25

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