"The Opium War" Aggression and Resistance PPT Courseware 5

Description

"The Opium War" Aggression and Resistance PPT Courseware 5

Opium, commonly known as tobacco, tobacco, opium or opium, is a kind of drug. Originally a narcotic analgesic in medicine, it is extracted from a kind of herbal plant, poppy.

The origin of the name “opium”

The poppy was originally produced in southern Europe and Asia Minor. Around the fifth century BC, the Greeks squeezed the juice of the poppy flower or fruit into medicine. It was found that it has the effects of calming the nerves, sleeping, analgesia, stopping diarrhea, relieving cough, and forgetting worries. The Greeks called it "A-Bian". At the beginning of the sixth century AD, the Arabs introduced poppy to Persia. The Persians changed the sound of "Bian" to "Pian" and called it "opium". In the seventh and eighth centuries AD, opium poppy was introduced to China from India and other places as a medicinal material, and the Chinese pronounced the "A" sound as "crow" sound. Since then, the word "opium" has existed in China.

Curriculum Standards

Tell the story of Lin Zexu’s campaign to eliminate opium in Humen; tell the main contents of the Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing, and understand the impact of the Opium War on modern Chinese society.

knowledge and abilities

Understand the reasons and process of Lin Zexu’s anti-smoking movement, and develop the ability to read materials and summarize historical events. Fill in the brief table of the main contents and impacts of the Treaty of Nanjing. Cultivate the ability to fill out forms and analyze the contents of treaties, and understand the impact of the Opium War on modern society.

Emotional attitudes and values

Through study, we understand that the corruption and backwardness of the Qing government were the main reasons for China's defeat, understand that backwardness will lead to beatings, and we must work hard to study and revitalize China.

Through study and understanding, the Chinese nation has always fought tenaciously in the face of foreign aggression, of which Lin Zexu is an outstanding representative.

focus

1. Analyze the reasons why Lin Zexu banned cigarettes in Humen.

2. Understand the main contents of the Treaty of Nanjing and explore the impact of this treaty on China.

difficulty

The causes and effects of the Opium War.

1. Lin Zexu sold out cigarettes in Humen

Why did Britain smuggle opium to China?

In the first half of the 19th century, Britain went through the Industrial Revolution and became the world's most powerful country, eager to find overseas markets and sources of raw materials.

The Qing Dynasty's decadence and backwardness became the target of its aggression.

Normal commodity trade cannot open the Chinese market, and special commodities like opium can make huge profits.

What are the dangers of importing opium into China?

There was a huge outflow of silver;

Seriously damaged the physical and mental health of the Chinese people;

It brought serious disaster to the Chinese nation.

2. The Opium War

Direct purpose: Protect opium smuggling.

Excuse: China bans smoking;

The fundamental purpose is to open the Chinese market, promote industrial products, and plunder cheap industrial raw materials.

process

Ending: The Qing government was defeated and signed an unequal treaty.

Influence

China began to lose its independent status; China's door opened wide, and foreign powers poured in; and this was the beginning of China's modern history.

3. The beginning of unequal treaties

The "Treaty of Nanjing" (i.e., the "Treaty of Jiangning") was the first unequal treaty that foreign invaders forced the Qing government to sign in modern Chinese history. On August 29, 1842 (the 22nd year of Daoguang), the treaty to end the Opium War was signed in Nanjing by the Qing government's imperial ministers Qiying and Iribu and the British plenipotentiary Pottinger. The Treaty of Nanjing was China's first unequal treaty in modern times. It was the result of Britain's war of aggression against China and the first Opium War.

The original text of some provisions of the Treaty of Nanjing

1. From now on, the Qing Emperor and the British monarchs will have eternal peace, and their Chinese and British peoples will be friendly to each other. Those who live in other countries will be protected by that country and their bodies and property will be safe.

2. From now on, the Great Emperor has granted permission for the people of Great Britain to bring their families and live in the five ports on the coast of the Qing Dynasty, including Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo, and Shanghai. Trade and commerce will not be hindered; and the British monarch will appoint consuls and stewards. The officials will live in the five cities and deal with business affairs, and communicate with the local officials on official documents. The British will be ordered to pay taxes, banknotes and other fees clearly according to the examples set out in the next article.

3. Since British merchant ships traveled long distances across the ocean and often suffered damage that required repairs, a place along the coast should be provided to facilitate ship repairs and storage of materials. Today, the Great Emperor has given the island of Hong Kong to the British monarch and subsequent hereditary rulers to remain in charge of the island for a long time and to legislate and govern it as they please.

4. Because the Qing Dynasty imperial envoy Da Xian and others forced the British consuls and citizens to stay in Guangdong Province in February of the 19th year of Daoguang's reign, and threatened them with death, and demanded opium in exchange for their lives. Now the emperor is allowed to pay sixty-six dollars of foreign silver. One million yuan to compensate for the original price.

Humen destroys cigarettes

1. The feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty was in crisis;

2. Britain’s commodity exports and China’s advantageous position in “overseas”;

3. Britain smuggled large amounts of opium to China;

4. Opium smuggling has seriously harmed the Chinese nation;

5. Lin Zexu went to Guangdong to ban opium;

6. The significance of the elimination of opium in Humen: it safeguarded national dignity and demonstrated the courage and determination of the Chinese people to resist foreign aggression.

opium war

1. Direct cause: anti-smoking campaign;

2. The root cause: Britain carried out aggressive expansion in order to promote industrial products and plunder cheap industrial raw materials;

3. Started: 1840;

4． Result: China defeated;

5. Reasons for the defeat: the decline of the feudal system, economic backwardness (small peasant economy and cottage industry dominated), political corruption, and diplomatic isolation;

6． Impact: Severely damaging China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, China began to lose its independent status, which marked the beginning of China's modern history.

"Agreement of Nanjing"

1. The Qing government was forced to accept all the demands of the British invaders;

2. The time and content of the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing;

3. The Treaty of Nanjing is the first unequal treaty in modern Chinese history;

4. Impact: It severely damaged China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and China began to lose its independent status, which marked the beginning of China's modern history.

training camp

1. (2007 High School Entrance Examination) The People's Government hung a warning bell in the Jinghai Temple in Xiaguan, Nanjing, to warn future generations not to forget the national humiliation. This is related to the signing of an unequal treaty more than 160 years ago ( )

A. "Treaty of Nanjing" B. "Beijing Treaty"

C. "Treaty of Shimonoseki" D. "Treaty of Xinchou"

2. The heroic feat of the Chinese people in resisting aggression in the late 1830s reproduced in the picture on the right should be ( )

A. Humen destroys cigarettes

B． Bloodshed of 1898

C. Storm of 1911

D． Anti-Japanese War

3. This is a sculpture of a city: a pair of big hands breaks a pipe into two pieces. It should be at ( )

A. Humen

B． fuzhou

C. Shanghai

D． Nanjing

5. (2006 Guangdong Shaoguan sample paper) material analysis questions.

Read the following materials:

Material 1: Opium "is poisonous to the world, causing great harm, and the law must be strict. If we still ignore it, decades later, the Central Plains will have few soldiers who can defend the enemy, and there will be no silver to pay for it." "——"The Collection of Lin Zexu"

Material 2: Ling Qing (former Chinese Ambassador to the United Nations, descendant of Lin Zexu)’s speech in 1990: “…more than 150 years ago, a glorious scene was left in China’s history, and it was also a major event in the history of world drug control. Currently, China has once again become a victim of drugs, and we hope that all aspects of society will care about and support the anti-drug cause."

Please answer:

(1) In Material 1, what does Lin Zexu think is the main harm of opium?

(2) Which historical event does the “glorious scene” in Material 2 refer to?

(3) The number of drug addicts in my country has been on the rise in recent years. Faced with this situation, what should our teenagers do?

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Update Time: 2024-08-02

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