"The Crime of Great Powers Invading China During the Second Opium War" Aggression and Resistance PPT Courseware 8

Description

"The Crime of Great Powers Invading China During the Second Opium War" Aggression and Resistance PPT Courseware 8

"Agreement of Nanjing"

Main content Main harm to China

The cession of Hong Kong Island to the United Kingdom undermined territorial integrity and sovereignty.

The compensation of 21 million yuan has exacerbated the financial crisis and increased the burden on the people.

Opening up Guangzhou and Xiamen destroyed trade and tariff sovereignty;

Fuzhou, Ningbo, and Shanghai were treaty ports and gradually became commodity markets and raw material producing areas for the great powers.

British import and export taxes,

China must negotiate with the UK (agreement tariff)

1. Reasons for the outbreak of the Second Opium War

Natural economy still dominates China's society

After the Opium War, it was still difficult to dump foreign goods in the Chinese market

However, Western powers believe that "China has opened too few ports and the rights they enjoy are too few."

Make a request to "revise the contract"

Attempts to further open up the Chinese market and expand the rights of aggression

Reasons for the outbreak of war

2. The crimes of the great powers during the Second Opium War

1. Britain and France——Burning the Old Summer Palace

(Looting treasures and burning evidence of crimes)

2. Tsarist Russia - ceding territory

(more than 1.5 million square kilometers)

The crimes of the great powers in the Second Opium War

In October 1856, Britain first provoked the war and bombarded Guangzhou, and the Second Opium War began.

The next year, Britain and France jointly sent troops to capture Guangzhou.

Britain and France: Burning the Old Summer Palace

Britain and France sent troops again in 1860. Invading Tianjin and advancing on Beijing. Emperor Xianfeng appointed his younger brother, Prince Gong Yi (xīn), as the peace minister and stayed in Beijing while he fled to the Chengde Summer Resort.

In October 1860, the British and French forces occupied Beijing and brutally looted the city. He also set fire to the Yuanmingyuan, a magnificent royal garden.

Impact of the Second Opium War (Hazards)

1. The Second Opium War caused China to lose more territory and sovereignty;

2. Foreign aggressive forces expanded to coastal provinces and penetrated deep into the middle reaches of the Yangtze River;

3. The degree of semi-colonialization of Chinese society has further deepened.

think about it

1. Why did China suffer such a disaster? What are the subjective reasons?

The two Opium Wars reflected the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government. It repeatedly compromised and gave in, causing China's situation to take a turn for the worse.

2. How did the people respond?

It caused extreme dissatisfaction among the people. The people revolted one after another against the corrupt rule of the Qing government and fought back against foreign aggressive forces.

3. The struggle triggered by the Second Opium War - the Taiping Army fought against the Foreign Gun Corps

1. The rise and development of the Taiping Rebellion

2. What was the target of the Taiping Army’s attack?

It resisted the feudal rule of the Qing government internally and resisted the aggression of capitalist powers externally.

What results have been achieved?

3. Results of the Taiping Rebellion

Being strangled by Chinese and foreign reactionary forces

Hong Xiuquan (1814.1～1864.6)

The leader of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom peasant uprising, a native of Huaxian County (now Huadu), Guangdong. Born in a farm family, he was once employed as a private school teacher. He failed to pass the imperial examination three times and was desperate for success in the imperial examination.

Later, inspired by "Good Words to Encourage the World" written by Christian Liang Fa, he founded the God Worship Association in 1843, organized the masses to stage an uprising, and went deep into Guangxi to mobilize the peasant masses with religion. Claiming to be the Heavenly King, he established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Nanjing and confronted the Qing Dynasty. Died of illness in June 1864.

During the Battle of Tianjing, the Taiping Army and the Qing Army fought fiercely.

In July 1864, Tianjing (now Nanjing), the capital of the Taiping Rebellion, fell. The fall of Tianjing marked the failure of the Taiping Rebellion, the largest peasant uprising in modern China.

1. The First Opium War ended in 1842. How many years had passed when the Second Opium War broke out? ( )

A.12 B.14 C.16 D.18

2.The two robbers who looted and burned the Old Summer Palace in 1860 were ( )

A. Russia B. France C. England D. America

3. The area east of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin Island. The unequal treaty ceded to Tsarist Russia is ( )

A. The Treaty of Aihun between China and Russia B. The Treaty of Surveying and Demarcating the Northwest Boundary between China and Russia

C. China-Russia "Revised Treaty" D. China-Russia "Beijing Treaty"

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Update Time: 2024-11-19

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Edition Eighth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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