"Unforgettable September 18th" The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation PPT Courseware 5

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"Unforgettable September 18th" The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation PPT Courseware 5

content standards

1. Briefly describe the historical facts of the September 18th Incident. After the September 18th Incident, China began a local war of resistance.

2. Understand the general situation of the Xi'an Incident and understand the historical role of the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident.

Textbook analysis

1. September 18th Incident

2.Xi’an Incident

1. September 18th Incident

The impact of the 1929 economic crisis on Japan: Foreign trade, which had a major impact on the economy, saw exports drop by 76.5% and imports by 71.7%. The total industrial output value dropped by 32.9%. In 1931, nearly 3 million people were unemployed.

“In order to deal with the outside world, we must first make peace with the inside.”

On August 22, 1931, Chiang Kai-shek said in a speech in Nanchang: "China was destroyed by imperialism. We can still survive as slaves of the subjugated country; if we are destroyed by the Communist Party, we will not be able to survive even if we are slaves."

Based on the above materials, analyze why Japanese imperialism created the September 18th Incident?

International factors: To escape from the economic crisis

Domestic factors: Chiang Kai-shek’s encirclement and suppression campaign gave Japan an opportunity to exploit

The ultimate goal: turn China into a Japanese colony

2.Xi’an Incident

In 1935, the Japanese aggressive forces further expanded into the customs, North China was in crisis, and the national anti-Japanese and national salvation movement further intensified.

think about it

At this critical moment of life and death for the Chinese nation, what proposition does the CCP put forward? What policies did Chiang Kai-shek pursue?

(1) The CCP demanded "stop the civil war and unite to resist Japan"; it advocated the establishment of an anti-Japanese national united front.

(2) Chiang Kai-shek still adheres to the proposition that "in order to fight against the outside world, we must first settle the internal situation".

The complex situation after the Xi'an Incident

Japan: Attempts to instigate pro-Japanese factions to expand civil war in order to expand aggression against China.

The United States and Britain: They are worried that pro-Japanese factions will seize the opportunity to seize power, Japan will expand its invasion of China, squeeze out the United States and Britain's forces in China, and support a peaceful solution.

Nanjing National Government: He Yingqin, the pro-Japanese faction with real power, advocated a "crusade" against Zhang Xueliang in an attempt to kill Chiang Kai-shek and replace him. The pro-American and British faction Song Meiling and others strongly advocated a peaceful solution.

Discuss: During the ten years of civil war, Chiang Kai-shek killed thousands of communists and revolutionary masses. When the Xi'an Incident captured Chiang Kai-shek, the Chinese Communist Party not only advocated not killing him, but advocated a peaceful solution and his release. Tell me why?

After the Xi'an Incident, the situation in Xi'an was extremely turbulent. If Chiang Kai-shek is executed, China may fall into a situation of conflict and divided power. The civil war will definitely give Japan an opportunity to take advantage of it, which will help Japan further invade China. In this context, the Communist Party of China, proceeding from the interests of the entire nation and regardless of old grudges, put forward the idea of ​​peacefully resolving the Xi'an Incident and releasing Chiang Kai-shek, which effectively promoted the Kuomintang's change in the direction of stopping the civil war and uniting with the Communist Party to resist Japan.

1. Peaceful settlement:

(1) Mediation by Zhou Enlai and other CCP representatives

(2) Chiang Kai-shek accepted "stop the civil war,

were released on the condition of jointly resisting Japan.

2. Why does the CCP advocate a peaceful solution to the Xi’an Incident?

The Communist Party of China puts national interests first.

3. Meaning:

(1) The ten-year civil war is basically over.

(2) The anti-Japanese national united front was initially formed.

(3) The second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party has initially taken shape.

Classroom training

1. The comic "Shackles on the Feet of the Northeastern Army" on the right reflects the historical events that occurred in ( )

A.1927

B.1931

C.1936

D.1937

2. (2010·Jilin Academic Examination) On December 13, 1936, "Northwest Cultural Daily" reported a news: "In order to fight for the survival of the Chinese nation, Zhang Yang launched a military remonstrance against Chiang yesterday." The event it reflects is ( )

A. Northern Expedition B. Xi'an Incident

C. Chongqing Negotiations D. Battle of crossing the river

3. The following is a discussion between several students about the Xi’an Incident. Among them, which student’s statement is inconsistent with historical facts ( )

A. Xiaohua: Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng accept the CCP’s proposal to stop the civil war

B. Xiao Li: Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng asked Chiang Kai-shek to unite with the Communist Party to resist Japan

C. Xiao Lin: Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng detained Chiang Kai-shek and implemented "military remonstrance"

D. Xiao Wang: Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng sent a message to the whole country, demanding the execution of Chiang Kai-shek.

4. If you were to write the textbook drama "Xi'an Incident", the person who represented the CCP at the negotiating table in Xi'an should be... ( )

A. Zhou Enlai B. Yang Hucheng

C.Zhang Xueliang D.Mao Zedong

6. After the September 18th Incident, the Kuomintang government "strictly ordered the national troops to avoid conflicts with Japan, and unanimously warned the people to maintain a serious and calm attitude." However, the Northeast military and civilians and the Communist Party of China took active countermeasures to crack down on Japanese invaders.

Please answer: (1) Based on the materials, point out the policies of the Kuomintang government in handling the September 18th Incident at that time, and analyze what consequences it resulted from?

Answer: Policy: Non-resistance policy.

Consequences: ①The three northeastern provinces fell. ② It encouraged the arrogance of the Japanese invaders to invade China.

(2) Based on the knowledge you have learned, point out what are the manifestations of the "active countermeasures" taken by some Northeast military and civilians and the Chinese Communist Party?

Answer: Performance: Some Northeastern military and civilian organizations organized the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army. The Communist Party of China sent Yang Jingyu and others to organize anti-Japanese guerrillas in Northeast China.

(3) What essential issues do the different countermeasures adopted by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party illustrate?

Answer: Essentially: The fundamental interests represented by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party are different or the nature of the two parties is different.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "The Chinese Nation's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the Unforgettable September 18th Incident", please click the "The Chinese Nation's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" ppt and the "Unforgettable September 18th Incident" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-07-30

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