"Westernization Movement" PPT courseware

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"Westernization Movement" PPT courseware

Part One: Background of the Westernization Movement

Thinking: What situation did the Qing government face after the Second Opium War?

Internal and external troubles

Internal worries

The Taiping Rebellion dealt a heavy blow to the feudal rulers.

foreign aggression

The Qing government suffered defeats in both Opium Wars.

The meaning of the Westernization Movement

Westernization: refers to political, economic, diplomatic, military, cultural and other affairs related to foreign countries; it also refers to the imitation of foreign affairs in the above aspects.

Westernizationists: Some enlightened officials within the Qing Dynasty ruling group who advocated using advanced Western production technology to strengthen the army and enrich the country, get rid of difficulties, and maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty.

The Westernization Movement: refers to the period from the 1860s to the 1890s, when the Westernizationists in the Qing government, under the banner of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth", adopted advanced Western production technology to establish modern military industries, civilian industries, and create modern The navy and new schools were a self-rescue movement in an attempt to get rid of internal and external troubles and maintain the feudal rule of the Qing government.

Objectively speaking, it is also a modernization movement in China.

Representative of the Westernizationist Central Committee

Aixinjueluo Yi (xīn), Prince Feng Gong, leader of the Westernization faction in the late Qing Dynasty, half-brother of Emperor Xianfeng, and sixth son of Emperor Daoguang. After 1861, he took charge of the Military Aircraft Department and the Prime Minister's Office for International Affairs.

From the 1860s to the 1890s, the Westernization faction in the Qing government used the slogans of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth" to learn from Western advanced production technologies and build modern military and civilian industries, setting off a process of "learning from foreigners to develop skills" The Westernization Movement greatly promoted the process of China's modernization.

Westernization Movement PPT, Part 2: Education and Culture

In order to meet the needs of the Westernization Movement, the Westernizationists established new schools to cultivate translation and military industries; they set up translation halls to translate foreign scientific and technological books; they also sent overseas students to study abroad, thus cultivating a group of translation, military and scientific and technological talents.

In the process of carrying out Westernization, the Westernizationists felt that they were in urgent need of translators and talents who mastered modern science and technology, so they began to send students overseas from 1872. By 1875, the Qing government sent a total of 120 students abroad. Fuzhou Shipping School also sent more than thirty students to England and France to study the navy. These international students have become China's first generation of new diplomatic, technological and military talents.

Westernization Movement PPT, Part 3: Establishing a New Navy and Army

New Army: Starting from the 1860s, the Westernization faction began to form a new foreign gun team and use Western-style military training. The weapons and tactics of the Qing army gradually changed.

New navy: Since the 1880s, the Westernization faction has initially established three navies: Nanyang, Beiyang, and Fujian. Among them, the Beiyang fleet is the largest. In 1885, the Qing government established a naval yamen to coordinate and command the navy, and the real power was in the hands of Li Hongzhang.

Westernization Movement PPT, Part 4: The Impact of the Westernization Movement

Positive impact: The Westernization Movement was the first modernization movement in Chinese history. It objectively promoted the emergence of Chinese national capitalism and played a certain role in resisting the invasion of foreign capital.

Negative impact: Since the fundamental purpose of the Westernization Movement was to maintain and consolidate the rule of the Qing government, coupled with its internal corruption and the squeeze of foreign forces, it did not put China on the road to prosperity.

Reasons for the failure of the Westernization Movement

Material 1: During the Westernization Movement, foreign craftsmen were hired. Most of them rely on unique skills and deliberately extend the construction period for profit; they complete core technologies independently and avoid Chinese craftsmen.

Western powers do not want China to become strong and prosperous

Material 2: During the Westernization Movement, Empress Dowager Cixi supported the die-hards to restrain the Westernizationists.

Obstruction and sabotage by die-hards

Material 3: "Chinese learning is the body, Western learning is the application" - Zhang Zhidong (meaning that on the premise of adhering to the feudal system, we should appropriately introduce Western science and technology for our own use.)

It only introduced Western technology and did not change the feudal system

Westernization Movement PPT, Part 5: Knowledge Exploration

Some people say that the Westernization Movement was a failed self-rescue movement of feudal rulers. Think about it, is this statement correct? Why?

This statement is correct

The representatives of the Westernization Movement were central officials and local powerful figures of the Qing government. Their purpose was to save the Qing government from its ruling crisis. Although the Westernization Movement introduced advanced Western technology, it did not change the decadent political system of the Qing Dynasty and thus made China rich and powerful. Therefore, the Westernization Movement is a failed self-rescue movement of feudal rulers.

Westernization Movement PPT, Part Six: Classroom Exercises

1. The fundamental purpose of the Westernization Movement launched by the Westernizationists is ( )

A. Introduce advanced Western production technology B. Develop military industry

C. Develop civilian industry D. Maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty

2. "China's civil and military systems are actually far superior to those of the West. Firearms alone cannot match them. ... If China wants to strengthen itself, it is better to learn foreign weapons." For this reason, the Westernization School founded ( )

A.Modern military industry B.Modern civilian industry

C.Modern navy D.New school

3. Li Hongzhang was an important figure in modern China. He suppressed peasant uprisings and signed a series of unequal treaties such as the Treaty of Shimonoseki with foreign powers on behalf of the Qing government. But Li Hongzhang still deserves recognition, which is reflected in ( )

A. The earliest proposal was to "learn from the barbarians and develop skills to control the barbarians"

B. Establish new military industries and civilian enterprises

C. Served as the Imperial Envoy to carry out the anti-smoking campaign

D. Lead troops to recover Xinjiang occupied by Tsarist Russia

4. Judging from the practice of the Westernization Movement, the Westernizationists did not list any of the following as the "special skills" of the "barbarians" ( )

A. Military education B. Democratic political system

C.Technological education D.Machine production

Keywords: free download of history PPT courseware for the eighth grade of the People's Education Press, Volume 1, Westernization Movement PPT download, .PPT format;

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"Westernization Movement" PPT courseware download:

"The Westernization Movement" PPT courseware download part one content: Learning objectives 1. Understand the time, representative figures, slogans and main contents of the Westernization Movement; 2. List the main military industries and civilian industries founded by the Westernization Movement; 3. Master the Westernization Movement The nature of movement..

"Westernization Movement" PPT download:

"Westernization Movement" PPT Download Part One Content: Learning Objectives 1. Understand the background and purpose of the rise of the Westernization Movement, memorize the representative figures, slogans, start and end times, and main contents of the Westernization Movement, and master the main enterprises established during the Westernization Movement. 2. Through the Westernization Movement..

"Westernization Movement" PPT:

"Westernization Movement" PPT Part 1 content: New lesson introduction. Students, why did the equipment of the Qing army change so much in just a few decades? Why did the rulers of the Qing Dynasty, who had always been arrogant and arrogant, go against the norm and use Western military equipment? ?Let’s explore together..

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Update Time: 2024-06-21

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Edition Eighth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

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