"Politics of the Northern Song Dynasty" PPT courseware

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"Politics of the Northern Song Dynasty" PPT courseware

Part One: Song Taizu strengthened centralization of power

1. The establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty

In 960 AD, Zhao Kuangyin launched a mutiny in Chenqiaoyi (today's Fengqiu, Henan Province), and took over the power of the Later Zhou Dynasty. He changed the country's name to Song Dynasty and made Kaifeng the capital. It was called the Northern Song Dynasty in history.

Time: 960

Character: Zhao Kuangyin

Event: Chenqiao Mutiny

Capital: Kaifeng (Tokyo)

2. The Northern Song Dynasty ended the division of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Taizu of the Song Dynasty and his successors followed the policy of first south and then north, and successively eliminated the southern separatist regime, ending the split and separatist regimes of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.

3. Song Taizu strengthened centralization of power

Read the relevant historical events on P29 "A glass of wine releases military power"

Thinking: Why did Song Taizu do this?

Song Taizu was worried that the military power of generals would endanger his rule.

background:

In the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, warlords and generals became domineering and affected the stability of the political situation. The rulers of the early Song Dynasty kept this lesson in mind. In order to consolidate his rule, Song Taizu took measures to strengthen centralization of power.

Measures to strengthen centralization:

(1) Militaryly, draw lessons from the dictatorship of generals in the late Tang Dynasty, remove the military power of the generals of the Forbidden Army, control the movement of the army, so that the generals of the Forbidden Army have the power to control the troops without the power to send troops, and frequently change the army generals, so that the soldiers do not know the generals. , will not know the soldiers

(2) In the central government, the method of dividing power is adopted to weaken the power of the prime minister (there is more than one prime minister), and several deputy prime ministers are set up to discuss government affairs together with the prime minister. Multiple institutions are also set up to divide the military, political and financial power of the prime minister.

(3) At the local level, send civil servants to serve as governors of prefectures and counties in various places to replace the minions of the vassal towns in the past, and implement a three-year replacement system for prefecture and county chiefs; set up general magistrates in each state capital to divide the power of the states; cancel the Jiedushi envoys The right to collect taxes, gradually set up transfer envoys in local areas, and collect local property to the central government

Impact: Through the above measures, the Song Dynasty strengthened centralization of power to an unprecedented degree, and the imperial power was greatly strengthened

Political PPT of the Northern Song Dynasty, part 2: the policy of emphasizing culture over military affairs

1. The policy of emphasizing civility over military affairs

(1) In order to prevent the tyranny of military generals since the late Tang Dynasty, Song Taizu placed heavy emphasis on civil servants to control military and political power.

(2) Song Taizong continued to adopt the policy of suppressing military generals and promoting the status of civilian officials, forming a pattern of civilians commanding the army.

At that time, civilian officials held important positions at the central and local levels, and even presided over military affairs. Their status and treatment were higher than those of military generals.

Military generals were constrained in many ways. When leading troops to fight, they had to march and arrange their formations according to the "formation diagram" pre-approved by the imperial court. This severely restricted the command authority of the unified army.

(3) Pay attention to the development of cultural and educational undertakings, reform and develop the imperial examination system

In the early Song Dynasty, the number of candidates for imperial examinations was greatly increased, and the status of Jinshi was improved. Jinshi not only received preferential treatment, but also were promoted quickly.

The development of the imperial examination system had a profound impact on the society of the Song Dynasty. It created a strong reading atmosphere across the country and promoted the improvement of the cultural literacy of the entire society. It created a cultural and political situation in the Song Dynasty with developed science and technology, prosperous culture and numerous talents.

2. The influence of emphasizing culture over military affairs

Influence:

The Song Dynasty's policy of emphasizing literature over military affairs reversed the trend of favoring martial arts over literature during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and prevented the occurrence of domineering military officers and military coups, which was conducive to the stability of the regime and social stability.

Political PPT of the Northern Song Dynasty, Part 3: After-class exercises

1. "Emperor Qin, Han Wu, Emperor Tang and Song Zu" are all famous emperors in Chinese history. Among them, the "Song Zu" who established the Northern Song Dynasty is ()

A.Liu Bei B.Fu Jian C.Li Shimin D.Zhao Kuangyin

2. Among the following items, the ones that are not measures to strengthen centralization in the Northern Song Dynasty are ( )

A. Appoint civilian officials as local governors and set up general supervisors

B. Return local fiscal power to the central government

C. Use the method of dividing administrative powers to weaken the power of the prime minister

D. Set up military envoys at local level to control economic and military power

3. During the Tang Dynasty, generals such as Li Jing and Hou Junji would lead their troops to fight when there was a war. After the military action was over, they would return to the court and serve as prime ministers, ministers and other senior civil servants. During the Song Dynasty, 91% of the officials in charge of military and political affairs had civilian qualifications. This reflects the strategy of governing the country in the Song Dynasty ( )

A. Strong trunks and weak branches B. Dispersion of military power

C. Emphasize civility over military affairs D. Defend the inside and ignore the outside

Keywords: free download of history PPT courseware for seventh grade volume 2 of Ministry of Education Edition, political PPT download of Northern Song Dynasty, .PPT format;

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"Politics of the Northern Song Dynasty" PPT download:

"Politics of the Northern Song Dynasty" PPT Download Part One: Text Import Zhao Kuangyin was originally the commander-in-chief of the Forbidden Army in the Later Zhou Dynasty and was in charge of the capital. In early 960, he was sent north to resist the Liao army. When he was in Chenqiaoyi, he put on a yellow robe, launched a mutiny, and later became the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. Yellow robe plus...

"Politics of the Northern Song Dynasty" PPT:

The first part of the PPT "Politics of the Northern Song Dynasty": Introducing the allusion of wearing a yellow robe and drinking wine to release military power, all related to Zhao Kuangyin. After establishing the Northern Song Dynasty, he took a series of measures in political, military and economic aspects to strengthen centralized rule. What was the politics of the Northern Song Dynasty...

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Update Time: 2024-09-27

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