"Disputes in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period" The emergence of the state and the transformation of society PPT courseware 4

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"Disputes in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period" The emergence of the state and the transformation of society PPT courseware 4

Key points and difficulties of this lesson:

Key points:

Duke Huan of Qi dominated, fought at Chengpu, and fought at Changping.

difficulty:

The nature of war during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

The causes of the wars for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period

1. Development of productivity: Bronze tools were widely used, and iron tools began to appear. Productivity has developed significantly.

2. Political situation:

(1). The Zhou royal family was declining day by day and was unable to control the situation. The princes no longer obeyed the emperor's orders, and the emperor instead attached himself to the powerful princes.

(2) The larger vassal states continued to launch wars and fought for hegemony one after another.

The establishment of Duke Huan of Qi’s dominance

1. Conditions:

①The location is better: facing the mountains and the sea, with a prosperous economy

②Guan Zhong Reform:

Reform internal affairs and develop production

Reform the military system and build a strong army

③Smart means to “respect the king and repel the barbarians” and expand the territory

2. Ways to dominate:

In the middle of the 7th century BC, the Kuiqiu League

The impact of war for hegemony

The rulers of various vassal states fought with each other in order to expand their territory and plunder population and wealth. Therefore, there is a saying of "unjust wars in the Spring and Autumn Period".

①The war for hegemony brought severe suffering to the people. The people resented the war and longed for reunification.

②The objective consequences of wars for hegemony are that great powers have expanded their territories, achieved regional unification, and accelerated the pace of unification.

③The war objectively prompted the Chinese ethnic group to strengthen contact with other ethnic groups and promoted ethnic integration.

4. What is the difference between the War for Hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period and the War of Annexation during the Warring States Period?

During the Battle of Chengpu between Jin and Chu, both sides invested about 60,000 troops, but the King of Chu finally sent only 600 reinforcements. The entire battle lasted for one day, and the Jin army celebrated its triumphant victory after three days.

During the Changping War between Qin and Zhao, Lian Po led the Zhao army to station in Changping for three years. The King of Zhao was eager to end the war and appointed Zhao Kuo. The Zhao army was besieged for 46 days by the Qin army that lured the enemy deep into the army. More than 400,000 Zhao soldiers were buried alive.

Experience success

1. Follow the clues

Vine: ① Overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period ② Appoint Guan Zhong as Prime Minister ③ Calling the princes to make an alliance

Melon: A. Duke Mu of Qin B. King Zhuang of Chu

C. Duke Wen of Jin D. Duke Huan of Qi

2. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, the westernmost one is

A. Qin B. Yan

C. Chu D. Qi

3. The war that decided Jin Wengong to become the overlord of the Central Plains was

A.Battle of Guiling B.Battle of Chengpu

C.Battle of Maling D.Battle of Changping

4. In the early years of the Warring States Period, the country was divided among the three ministers of Han, Zhao and Wei.

A. Qi State B. Chu State

C. Qin State D. Jin State

5. Among the following items, which one is inappropriately matched?

A. Sun Bin - besieging Wei and rescuing Zhao B. Zhao Kuo - talking on paper

C. Chong'er - retreat to three homes D. Jin Wengong - respect the king and fight against the barbarians

6. Who did Duke Huan of Qi appoint to reform the internal affairs and military system?

A. Yi Yin B. Guan Zhong

C.Jiang Shang D.Wu Zixu

A lofty talk about the significance of reform to modern society

Material 1: Duke Huan of Qi reused Guan Zhong, and Guan Zhong carried out reforms, which made Qi rapidly strong and became the first prince to dominate at that time.

Material 2: In the late Qing Dynasty, China was poor and backward and ravaged by imperialist countries. One of the important reasons was that the rulers of the Qing Dynasty were blindly arrogant and did not want to reform and enterprising.

Material 3: Before the reform and opening up, China's economic development was slow and its concepts lagged behind. After the reform and opening up, China's economy developed rapidly and achieved world-renowned achievements.

What do the above three materials illustrate?

If a nation or a country wants to be strong, it must reform. Being stubborn and clinging to tradition can only lead to lagging behind others.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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