"The Rise of the Xiongnu and the War with the Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country PPT courseware 6

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"The Rise of the Xiongnu and the War with the Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country PPT courseware 6

1. Maodun unified the Mongolian grasslands

Connect with Maodun Shanyu

1. What kind of nation are the Huns?

2. Dear Shanyu, what do you think is your greatest contribution? Why were you able to unify the Mongolian grasslands?

3. What impact did your unification of the Mongolian grasslands have on the lives of the Xiongnu?

Mongolian grassland nomads live in pursuit of water and grass

(1) Maodun worked hard to manage the army strictly and established a strong cavalry team with strict discipline and obedience to command.

(2) Unification led to the rapid development of Xiongnu production, the prosperity of animal husbandry, and the development of the smelting and casting industry. Under the influence of the Han people, they learned farming, and the Xiongnu power continued to grow and entered its heyday. (What impact did the unification of the Mongolian grasslands have on the life of the Xiongnu?)

Peace and marriage policy

At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu invaded the south many times.

What should the Western Han Dynasty do about the harassment of the Huns?

How effective is the marriage policy?

The Western Han Dynasty was not strong and was at a disadvantage compared to the Xiongnu

Forced to adopt a peace policy

The threat of the Huns was not fundamentally eliminated. However, major conflicts were temporarily avoided, buying time for the Western Han Dynasty to develop production.

Try your hand

What is the marriage policy? In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, why was the "peace policy" adopted towards the Xiongnu?

Peace and marriage policy: During the Han Dynasty, the policy of treating royal girls as princesses and marrying them to the Xiongnu Chanyu, and giving a large amount of treasures and textiles to the Xiongnu each year in order to achieve temporary peace.

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the country's national strength was weak and the economy was in depression. Forced to adopt this policy, it was a helpless move for the Western Han Dynasty.

2. Wei Qing and Huo Qubing defeated the Xiongnu

Wei Qing was from Pingyang, Hedong. The younger brother of Queen Wei. Originally a slave of Princess Pingyang, she was later reused by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and rose to the rank of general, the highest military general. He led troops to fight against the Huns many times and made many military exploits. History books say: Wei Qing was a humble and loving man, and was deeply supported by his subordinates.

A famous general in the Western Han Dynasty. A native of Pingyang, Hedong (now southwest of Linfen, Shanxi). Wei Qing’s nephew. Good at riding and shooting. Throughout his life, he took it as his own responsibility to eliminate border troubles. He once said, "The Huns are not destroyed, so why should we take care of our family?" He attacked the Xiongnu six times and won every battle, winning the trust of Emperor Wu. Fight bravely and go deep with determination. But he died young, at the age of only 24.

What were the differences between the Western Han Dynasty's policies towards the Xiongnu before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty? What is the reason for this change?

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was forced to adopt the policy of "peace and marriage" before, but during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he used war to fight back.

The fundamental reason lies in the changes in national power in the Western Han Dynasty. The strength of national power is the material basis that determines the outcome of the war.

3. Zhaojun leaves the fortress

Wang Zhaojun, named Qiang, was a palace maid during the reign of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty and was named Zhaojun. In the Jin Dynasty, she was renamed Mingjun or Mingfei because she avoided Sima Zhao's taboo. A native of Zigui, Nanjun, Western Han Dynasty. In the first year of Jingning (33 BC), the Xiongnu Hu Hanxie Chanyu came to ask for marriage, and Zhaojun voluntarily asked to marry the Xiongnu. He was named "Ning Hulan" by Shan Yu.

"Ninghu" means peace and tranquility between Hu and Han.

"Lanshi" means the queen. Zhaojun was beautiful, radiant, sensible and well-loved by Huhanxie Chanyu. For decades after Zhaojun left the border, the Han-Hungarian border was peaceful and the people were spared the suffering of war.

The idiom "when the fish falls and the wild goose falls, when the moon is closed and the flowers are shy" is used to describe a woman's beauty. Wang Zhaojun has the appearance of a "falling wild goose" among them. Legend has it that Zhaojun was full of sorrow when he left the fortress. In order to express his homesickness, he played the pipa on horseback and sang a sad and beautiful song that attracted the geese flying south. He even gave up flying and landed near Zhaojun. This is why "Luoyan" comes.

Zhaojun's departure from the fortress and the "marriage" in the early Han Dynasty were both Han dynasty women marrying the Huns. What is the difference between the two?

Early Han Dynasty marriage

It is a strategy of seeking peace that is forced to be adopted when the country is weak and cannot achieve true peace.

When Zhaojun left the fortress

The Western Han Dynasty was strong, and both parties had voluntary exchanges. National integration and lasting peace were achieved through marriage.

Talking a lot

1 What are the similarities and differences between the "harmony" and "Zhaojun's departure" in the early Western Han Dynasty?

The same point: they all exchange for peace through "marriage"

Differences: The "marriage" in the early Han Dynasty was forced and did not prevent the Xiongnu from invading southward; the "Zhaojun's departure from the fortress" was proactive and promoted the friendly coexistence and economic and cultural exchanges between Han and Huns.

2 What do you think are the characteristics of the relationship between the Western Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu?

Correctly understand the ethnic relations between Han and Hungarians

Both the Xiongnu and the Han are part of the Chinese nation. At that time, ethnic relations were mainly expressed in war and peace. The Xiongnu's march south to plunder was an unjust war because it brought disaster to the Han and Xiong people. The Han government and the minority government have both war conflicts and peaceful exchanges between the ethnic groups. They always have close political, economic and cultural ties, and together they create the history of the motherland. Friendly exchanges and cooperation among various ethnic groups are the mainstream of history.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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