"Prosperous Qin and Han Culture (1)" The establishment of a unified country PPT courseware 6

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"Prosperous Qin and Han Culture (1)" The establishment of a unified country PPT courseware 6

Thinking: What writing materials did ancient Chinese have before the invention of paper, and what were the shortcomings of these materials?

With the development of culture, the demand for writing materials for reading and writing is increasing. How did our ancestors solve this problem?

The paper produced in the early Western Han Dynasty could already be used for writing and drawing, but the hemp paper was rough and inconvenient for writing.

Cai Lun improved papermaking [Eastern Han Dynasty]

① Advantages: wide source of raw materials; low cost; high quality.

② "Cai Hou Paper": commemorating Cai Lun's achievements

③Meaning: Promote the spread of culture.

1. Technology

1. The invention of paper: Baqiao paper in the Western Han Dynasty

2. Cai Lun improved papermaking technology: Eastern Han Dynasty-Cai Hou Paper

3. Influence: Most of the papermaking techniques in various countries around the world were directly or indirectly passed on from our country. The invention of papermaking is a huge contribution of our people to world culture.

Use your brain: Do you know recycled paper? What is the significance of today's strong promotion of the use of "recycled paper"?

Information provided by environmental protection experts shows that one ton of waste paper can produce 850 kilograms of good-quality recycled paper, save 3 cubic meters of wood (equivalent to 26 3 to 4-year-old trees), save 300 kilograms of chemical raw materials, and save 1.2 tons of coal. Save 600 degrees of electricity; and reduce a lot of waste.

significance:

① Reduce pollution and protect the environment;

②Save resources;

2. Mathematics:

1. Eastern Han Dynasty: "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic"

2. Status: It is the earliest existing ancient mathematics monograph in my country, and many of its contents were in the world's advanced position at the time.

Mathematics Achievements: "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" in the Eastern Han Dynasty

The book is divided into nine chapters:

⑴ "Fangtian" mainly refers to the calculation and fractional calculation of field area

⑸"Shang Gong", mainly the calculation methods of various volumes

⑻ "Equations", mainly the solution of simultaneous linear equations and the addition and subtraction rules of positive and negative numbers

"Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" established the calculation-centered characteristics of ancient Chinese mathematics. It has been used as a teaching material for more than 1,000 years after the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was spread to Korea and Japan, where it was used as a mathematics textbook for a long time. Later, it was spread to Arabia and Europe, where it was translated into many languages ​​and produced a huge Influence.

3. Seismometer:

1. Eastern Han Dynasty: Zhang Heng—invented the seismometer

2. Status: The earliest recognized seismic instrument in the world

4. Medicine

1. "Miracle Doctor" Hua Tuo (Eastern Han Dynasty)

(1) Contribution: Made Ma Fei Powder and compiled Wu Qin Xi

(2) Status: A pioneering work in the history of world medicine

2. "Medical Saint" Zhang Zhongjing

(1) Time: late Eastern Han Dynasty

(2) Contribution: Status of "Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases": comprehensively expounds the theory and treatment principles of traditional Chinese medicine

Reasons for the prosperity of Qin and Han culture:

1. National unity

2. The prosperity of feudal economy

3. Strengthening of economic and cultural exchanges among various ethnic groups and regions.

4. Frequent exchanges between China and foreign countries;

5. Ancient scientists absorbed, inherited, and carried forward the achievements of previous generations.

Classroom consolidation

1. Resource recovery and recycling are important concepts in environmental protection. Which of the following people’s invention process reflects the characteristics of this concept? ( )

A.Huang Di B.Bian Que C.Zhang Heng D.Cai Lun

2. At 16:53 on January 12, 2010, an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the Caribbean island country of Haiti, causing huge losses to the lives and property of the local people. Since ancient times, our ancestors have conducted useful research on natural disasters. The one who has made the greatest achievements in this regard is ( )

A.Zhang Zhongjing B.Hua Tuo C.Zhang Heng D.Cai Lun

3. In "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", there is a story about Hua Tuo "scraping Guan Yu's bones to heal his wounds." Which of the following cannot be Hua Tuo's behavior? ( )

A. Use the "Four Diagnostic Methods" to take his or her pulse

B． Refer to "Compendium of Materia Medica"

C. Use "Wu Qin Xi" to help recovery

D． Surgery was used

4. Do you know who the origin of "Mr. Sitting in the Hall" is related to? ( )

A. Bian Que B. Hua Tuo

C. Zhang Zhongjing D. Li Shizhen

5. If you lived in the Western Han Dynasty, what you might have experienced at that time is ( )

A. Read "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic" and learn mathematical knowledge

B. Exchange knowledge about earthquake prevention with Zhang Heng

C. Ask Hua Tuo to perform surgery

D.Write on hemp paper

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Update Time: 2024-07-25

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