"The Great Integration of Nationalities in the North" Separation of Regime and National Integration PPT Courseware 3

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"The Great Integration of Nationalities in the North" Separation of Regime and National Integration PPT Courseware 3

At the foot of Yinshan Mountain, there is a large plain where the Chile people live.

The sky over the Chile River is connected to the earth on all sides, and it looks like a "yurt" where herders live.

The grassland under the blue sky is rolling with green waves. In the low areas of the wind-swept grass, groups of cattle and sheep appear and disappear.

This is a Northern Dynasties folk song, originally in Xianbei language, later translated into Chinese and widely circulated. Do you know which dynasty was first established by the Xianbei people in Chinese history? Do you want to know about the reforms of an outstanding politician in the history of the Xianbei people?

Based on the above pictures, could you please share your understanding of "national integration"?

National integration refers to the process in which various ethnic groups live together, learn from each other, develop together, and gradually integrate, including the mutual influence of economic life, culture, language, customs, and habits, and their convergence.

It is a progressive historical phenomenon in ancient Chinese history.

Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang

reason

1. The food produced in Pingcheng cannot meet the needs of the large population in the capital.

2. Pingcheng is located in the north, which is not conducive to the rule of the vast area of ​​the Central Plains, and is not conducive to the Xianbei regime learning and accepting the advanced culture of the Han nationality.

Influence

Luoyang gains development and prosperity

Create conditions for further reforms

What were the reform measures adopted by Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty?

Chinese must be used in the court, and Xianbei language is prohibited.

Officials and their families must wear Han costumes.

Change the surnames of the Xianbei people to Han surnames, and change the surname of the royal family from Tuoba to Yuan.

Encourage marriage between Xianbei nobles and Han nobles.

Adopt the official system and laws of the Han people.

Learn the etiquette of the Han people, respect Confucius, govern the country with filial piety, and promote the culture of respecting and caring for the elderly.

Reforms of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty

background

①In _____ years, the _____ tribe established the Northern Wei Dynasty and unified the Yellow River Basin.

② The integration of ethnic groups in the Yellow River Basin has become a trend.

Reform measures

① Move the capital from Pingcheng to ____.

②____ must be used in the court and ____ is prohibited;

③Officials and their family members must wear ____ clothing;

④Change the Xianbei surname to ____ surname;

⑤Encourage Xianbei nobles to marry ________;

⑥Adopt the official system and laws of ____;

⑦Learn the etiquette of ____, respect Confucius, govern the country with filial piety, and promote the culture of respecting and caring for the elderly, etc.

Small scale chopper

1. The person who unified the Yellow River Basin in 439 was ( )

A. Wei State among the Three Kingdoms

B. The pre-Qin regime established by the Di people

C. The Northern Wei regime established by the Xianbei people

2. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital from Pingcheng to ( )

A. Chang'an B. Luoyang C. Xu D. Yin

3. The reforms that promoted the great integration of ethnic groups in the north are ( )

A. Shang Yang’s reform B. Guan Zhong’s reform

C. Wang Mang’s reform D. Northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen’s reform

4. Which ethnic group did Emperor Xiaowen mainly learn from in his reforms? ( )

A. Di B. Xianbei C. Han D. Xiongnu

Thought click

Emperor Xiaowen was a conqueror for the northern Han people. Why didn't he use force to promote Xianbei culture in the Han areas of the Central Plains, but instead wanted to learn from the Han people and implement the Sinicization policy?

First, Emperor Xiaowen was influenced by Han culture since childhood and was keen on Central Plains culture;

Secondly, Emperor Xiaowen learned from the experience of the former Qin Emperor Fu Jian who blindly used force and ultimately failed, and knew that the Xianbei people must adapt to the culture of the Han people who dominated the Central Plains;

Thirdly, after long-term development, Han culture has become more advanced than nomadic culture in all aspects. Emperor Xiaowen's policy of Sinicization was objectively in line with the times.

Emperor Xiaowen was an outstanding minority political reformer in ancient my country.

Try your hand

1. In order to strengthen his rule over the Central Plains, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital from Luoyang to Pingcheng.

2. In the process of implementing Sinicization, Emperor Xiaowen took the lead in changing his surname from "Tuoba" to "Lu".

3. Emperor Xiaowen’s reforms promoted the great integration of ethnic groups in the Yellow River Basin.

After class exploration

What's your last name? Do you know its origin? Act quickly and find out more!

There are three sources of the surname "Yuan":

First, during the ancient Shang Dynasty, there was an ambassador named Yuan Xian, and his descendants took Yuan as their surname.

The second is to change the surname from Tuoba. The original surname of the Northern Wei royal family was Tuoba, and later Emperor Xiaowen changed it to Yuan.

The third is to change the surname from Xuan. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin's father's original name was Xuanlang. Zhao Kuangyin ordered the world to change the surname Xuan to Yuan, and he could not have the same surname as his father.

I see:

The word "Hu" actually represents the ancient northern and western ethnic groups. They have changed our tables, changed our tastes, and changed our lives.

Agricultural historians believe that most of the "Hu" series were introduced from the northwest overland during the Han, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

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Update Time: 2024-11-24

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