"Natural Disasters" China's Natural Environment PPT Courseware 2

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"Natural Disasters" China's Natural Environment PPT Courseware 2

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1. What is a natural disaster?

2. What are the common natural disasters?

3. What are the characteristics of natural disasters in my country?

4. How to prevent and mitigate disasters?

Do you know what disasters occur frequently in our country? What harm will they cause? How to prevent and reduce the impact of disasters?

Learning Objective Navigation

1. Know the classification of natural disasters and common natural disasters.

2. Be able to use maps to describe the regional distribution and hazards of meteorological disasters and geological disasters in my country.

3. Understand my country’s disaster prevention and reduction measures and achievements.

Definition and type:

Abnormal changes in the natural environment often occur, some of which can cause damage to resources, property losses, casualties and other hazards. Such abnormal changes are called natural disasters.

Its formation must meet two conditions: first, there must be abnormal changes in the natural environment as an inducement; second, there must be damaged people, property, and resources as objects to withstand the disaster.

type

Meteorological disasters: drought, floods, cold waves, typhoons, etc.

Geological disasters: earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, volcanoes, etc.

1. Meteorological disasters

Drought and floods are the most important meteorological disasters affecting our country. It occurs in a wide range, lasts for a long time, and causes huge losses.

The rapid intrusion of strong cold air causes a large-scale severe cooling phenomenon, accompanied by strong winds, rain, snow, ice, etc., causing disasters.

2. Geological disasters

Geological disasters mainly include earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, etc. Geological disasters occur more frequently in mountainous areas.

The phenomenon of fractures and vibrations in rock formations deep underground. The hazards caused include house collapse, transportation and communication interruption, casualties, etc.

mudslide

A special torrent filled with rocks and mud that forms in a ravine with a steep slope. The harm caused includes the destruction of farmland, houses, roads, etc., which has strong destructive power.

Identify natural disasters

Which of the following phenomena or events are natural disasters? Why?

A. A sudden hailstorm smashed many watermelons in the field.

B. Chemical plant wastewater leaked, paddy fields were polluted, and there was a pungent odor.

C. A tourist violated regulations by smoking in the forest area and littering cigarette butts, causing a forest fire.

D. A billboard upstairs was blown down by a sudden strong wind and hit two cars downstairs.

Example: Which of the following phenomena is not a natural disaster ( )

A. Cold wave B. Earthquake C. Flood D. Car accident

Example: The meteorological disaster that has the greatest impact on my country is ( )

A. Drought and flood B. Typhoon C. Cold wave D. Mudslide

Example: The most likely natural disaster caused by digging mountains to collect soil is ( )

A. landslide b. Tsunami c. Mudslide D. earthquake

2. Natural disasters occur frequently in my country

Our country has a vast territory, complex and diverse natural environment, and many types and wide distribution of natural disasters.

1. my country is one of the countries with the most frequent natural disasters in the world.

(1) Natural disasters often occur in many areas at the same time. For example, droughts are common in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in my country in spring and summer, while floods are common in the Jianghuai region.

(2) Not only can multiple natural disasters occur in the same area, but different natural disasters sometimes occur continuously. For example, from spring to summer in 2011, some areas in Jiangxi were first hit by drought, followed by floods.

(3) The same disaster, such as drought, flood, etc., occurs frequently in most areas.

2. my country is one of the countries most severely affected by natural disasters in the world.

Natural disasters sometimes cause heavy casualties and property losses, and have a huge impact on the normal life and production of society.

Comprehensive improvement training

1. Which of the following phenomena are meteorological disasters ( )

A. Earthquake B. Landslide C. Typhoon D. Debris flow

2. Which statement about natural disasters is incorrect ( )

A. Floods are common in the Jianghuai region of my country in spring and summer

B． After a drought occurs in one place, other natural disasters will not occur again

C． An earthquake is the shaking or collapse of buildings above ground

D． Different natural disasters sometimes occur consecutively

3. Regarding the description of drought and flood disasters in my country, which one is correct ( )

A. Drought has nothing to do with the uneven regional distribution of precipitation in my country

B. Drought is severe in the northwest region, but drought will not occur in the eastern monsoon region

C. Drought and flood disasters only occur in summer and autumn.

D. Floods are one of the frequent disasters in the plains of eastern my country.

4． Which of the following statements about disaster prevention and reduction is correct ( )

A. Through disaster forecasting, natural disasters can be prevented from occurring.

B. When an earthquake occurs, you should hide at home and not go out.

C. When a natural disaster occurs, taking appropriate measures can effectively avoid the disaster.

D. Disaster reduction and prevention are a matter for adults and have nothing to do with us.

Disasters caused by earthquakes

Disasters caused by earthquakes include direct disasters and secondary disasters.

The direct disaster of an earthquake refers to the damage to houses, engineering structures, objects and other materials due to the destructive effects of the earthquake (including strong shaking caused by the earthquake and geological disasters caused by the earthquake).

Secondary disasters caused by earthquakes can be roughly divided into two categories: one is at the social level, such as traffic paralysis caused by broken roads, fires caused by ruptured gas pipelines, pollution of drinking water sources caused by damaged sewers, and communication interruption caused by broken telecommunications facilities. , there are also plague epidemics, bacterial contamination in hospitals, etc.; the second is the natural level, such as landslides, mudslides, ground subsidence and other secondary geological disasters and floods.

Learn how to avoid disasters

When an earthquake occurs, if conditions permit, you should evacuate to a safe open area in a timely and orderly manner; if you cannot evacuate in time, you can temporarily hide in the corner of a small space. Because these places are relatively strong, damage can be mitigated.

Debris flow prevention

When a mudslide occurs, you should run up the hillside perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the mudslide.

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Update Time: 2024-11-11

This template belongs to Geography courseware People's Education Edition Geography for Grade 8 Volume 1 industry PPT template

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