"The Movement of the Earth" Earth and Map PPT Courseware 3

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"The Movement of the Earth" Earth and Map PPT Courseware 3

Geocentric

In ancient times, people believed that the earth was stationary based on their intuitive feelings. The sun, moon and stars rose in the east and set in the west because they were rotating around the earth. In the 4th century BC, the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed that the entire universe is a multi-layered crystal ball, with the earth at the center of the crystal ball, and the stars, planets, sun and moon all rotating around the earth in their own orbits. This is the earliest geocentric theory in history. In the 2nd century AD, the famous Greek astronomer Ptolemy made a systematic summary and improvement based on Aristotle and others, and further improved the geocentric theory. Due to the popularity of Aristotle and Ptolemy, and the fact that this theory catered to the later religious thoughts of the Holy See, the geocentric theory dominated Europe for more than 1,000 years.

heliocentric theory

At the beginning of the 16th century, the outstanding Polish astronomer Copernicus discovered that Ptolemy's geocentric theory was fundamentally wrong after nearly 40 years of observation and research. He proposed a brand new theory of the universe - heliocentric theory. Copernicus believed that the center of the universe was not the earth but the sun. The earth and other planets orbited the sun, and only the moon orbited the earth. The sun, moon, and stars rise in the east and set in the west every day because of the rotation of the earth.

From the current point of view, Copernicus's cosmic system is limited, but he completely overturned the wrong concepts of the universe inherited for thousands of years, and for the first time correctly revealed the earth and other planets through surface phenomena. The objective laws surrounding the sun discovered the true solar system.

Earth's rotation

Observe discussions

1. In what direction does the earth rotate on its axis?

2. Do you know how long it takes for the earth to rotate once?

3. Looking down from above the North Pole, does the earth rotate clockwise or counterclockwise? What if you look down from above Antarctica?

The earth's constant rotation around its axis is called the earth's rotation.

The direction and period of the Earth's rotation

The Earth rotates every day, from west to east

Viewed from above the North Pole, the Earth rotates counterclockwise

Viewed from above Antarctica, the Earth rotates clockwise

Phenomenon caused by the rotation of the earth

Observe discussions

The earth is an opaque sphere. Assuming it is stationary, what are the phenomena on the side of the earth facing the sun and the side facing away from the sun? And what geographical phenomena will occur when the earth rotates?

Earth's revolution

Watch the animation and discuss:

1. At the spring equinox, summer solstice, autumnal equinox and winter solstice, which latitude does the sun shine directly on?

2. How does the sun's direct point move between the northern and southern hemispheres?

3. Fill out the form below.

The direct point of the sun moves regularly between 23.5° north and south latitude, so these two latitudes are called the Tropic of Return. The 23.5°N latitude is called the Tropic of Cancer, and the 23.5°S latitude is called the Tropic of Cancer. They are the northernmost and southernmost boundaries that the direct sun can reach. They receive direct sunlight once a year, while the area between them can receive direct sunlight twice a year. . With direct sunlight, the ground will gain more heat.

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Update Time: 2024-09-27

This template belongs to Geography courseware People's Education Edition Geography for Grade 7 Volume 1 industry PPT template

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