"Changes and Distribution of Temperature" Weather and Climate PPT Courseware 4

Description

"Changes and Distribution of Temperature" Weather and Climate PPT Courseware 4

teaching objectives

1. Know some basic concepts about temperature, such as daily average temperature, monthly average temperature, annual average temperature, daily temperature change, annual temperature change, daily temperature range, annual temperature range, isotherms, etc.

2. Learn to use temperature data to draw temperature curves and describe the characteristics of temperature changes over time.

3. Preliminarily learn to read the distribution map of the world's average temperature and describe the distribution patterns of the world's temperature.

4． Understand the main factors affecting the distribution of world temperatures.

changes in temperature

Observations of temperature:

Measured with a thermometer placed in a shutter box. Manual observation is usually performed at 8:00, 14:00, 20:00 and 2:00 every day.

Units for temperature:

It is recorded as "℃" and pronounced as "Celsius".

think about it

Are the temperatures the same in the morning as at noon?

Do you wear the same clothes during summer vacation and winter vacation?

In summer, where would you like to go to escape the heat?

Daily average temperature, monthly average temperature, annual average temperature

observe

Please read the temperature values ​​at the four moments in the picture.

think

How to find the average daily temperature?

How to calculate the monthly average temperature and annual average temperature?

Diurnal changes in temperature (“Clearly aware of everything”)

observe

1. What is the maximum temperature? At what time does it appear?

2. What is the minimum temperature? At what time does it appear?

3. What is the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature?

4． What is the general pattern of temperature changes throughout the day?

Draw a temperature curve (Compete to see who can draw it faster and better!)

1. Draw the abscissa and divide it evenly into 12 segments, representing January to December respectively, and mark the months from left to right;

2. Draw the ordinate. Based on the values ​​of the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature, determine the value range of the ordinate as -25°C ~ 25°C, and bisect the ordinate with a scale of 5°C;

3. In the corresponding position of the coordinate diagram, the temperature values ​​are marked with points month by month;

4． Connect the points with smooth curves.

The pattern of annual changes in temperature (summary)

Northern Hemisphere

Mainland China: The month with the highest temperature: July The month with the lowest temperature: January

Ocean: hottest month: August coldest month: February

Southern Hemisphere

Mainland China: The month with the highest temperature: January The month with the lowest temperature: July

Ocean: hottest month: February coldest month: August

1. Find the extreme value

That is, find the maximum and minimum values ​​of temperature (maximum temperature, minimum temperature);

2. look bent

That is, look at the degree of curvature of the temperature curve;

3. Analyze changes

That is, analyze changes in temperature. In the diurnal variation diagram of temperature, the greater the curvature of the curve, the greater the diurnal variation of temperature. In the annual temperature change chart, the basis for determining whether it is located in the tropics is that the average monthly temperature is high, all above 15°C, and the temperature curve is very small; the basis for determining whether it is located in the temperate zone is that the monthly average temperature changes significantly, and the annual temperature is relatively high. The difference is large, the four seasons are distinct, and the temperature curve is also highly curved; the basis for judging whether it is in the cold zone is that the average temperature in each month is very low, mostly below 0℃, but the degree of coldness in each month is different.

Distribution of temperature

Isotherm: A line connecting points with equal temperatures.

Distribution of world temperatures 1

observe

1. How does the average annual temperature change from the equator to the poles?

The temperature gradually decreases from the equator to the poles.

2. Point out the main latitude ranges in areas where the annual average temperature is above 20℃ and below 10℃.

Areas with average annual temperatures higher than 20°C are mainly located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer.

Areas with temperatures below 10°C are mainly located within the Arctic and Antarctic circles.

Main factors affecting temperature (discussion time)

Latitudinal factors Generally speaking, temperatures in low latitudes are higher than those in high latitudes.

Sea and land factors: At the same latitude, the land temperature is higher than that of the ocean in summer, and the opposite is true in winter.

Topographic factors: In the same area, the temperature is lower at higher altitudes, and the temperatures are higher at lower altitudes.

Distribution patterns of world temperature (summary)

From the equator to the poles, the temperature gradually decreases.

Areas with an annual average temperature higher than 20°C are mainly distributed between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer, and areas with an annual average temperature lower than 10°C are mainly distributed within the Arctic and Antarctic Circles.

At the same latitude, land temperatures are high in summer and ocean temperatures are low, and the opposite is true in winter.

The temperature decreases with the increase of altitude. For every 100 meters of elevation, the temperature decreases by about 0.6°C.

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to Geography courseware People's Education Edition Geography for Grade 7 Volume 1 industry PPT template

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