"Classification and Transformation of Matter" PPT

Description

"Classification and Transformation of Matter" PPT

Part One: Simple Classification and Its Application

1. The meaning of classification:

For work and life, reasonable classification of materials can provide convenience for work and life and achieve high efficiency.

For chemical research, rational classification of substances facilitates understanding of the commonalities of various substances and the nature of various reactions.

2. Simple classification method

(1) Cross classification method:

A method of classifying objects by applying several different criteria.

Advantages: Classifying substances from multiple perspectives reflects the various properties of substances and makes up for the shortcomings of a single classification method.

(2) Tree classification method

Tree classification is a multi-level classification method that reclassifies various types of things after classification.

The classification principle of tree classification: substance categories at the same level are generally independent of each other and have no overlap.

Advantages: It reflects the process of gradually deepening the understanding of things.

[Self-examination and mutual evaluation]

Please classify the following substances and fill in the corresponding positions in Figure 2-3 on P25 of the textbook:

Air, C, Cu, Ar, CaO, CO2, HCl, solution, H2SO4, NaOH, sediment, Ba(OH)2, Na2SO4, NaHCO3

【Expansion Migration】

Where can you place the substances NH3 and ethanol (C2H5OH) you have learned in Figure 2-3 on P25 of the textbook?

【Thinking and communication】

In what ways can you classify the following equations?

①2KClO3 ==== 2KCl + 3O2↑

②H2 + CuO === Cu + H2O

③Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2↑

④2H2O2 ==== 2H2O + O2↑

⑤3CO+ Fe2O3 ===2Fe + 3CO2

⑥2Ca + O2 = 2CaO

⑦CaO + H2O = Ca(OH)2

⑧H2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3 + 2H2O

Classification and transformation of substances PPT, Part 2: Discussion and exploration-Classification of chemical reactions

①2KClO3 = 2KCl + 3O2↑

②H2 + CuO = Cu + H2O

③Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2↑

④2H2O2 = 2H2O + O2↑

⑤3CO+ Fe2O3 = 2Fe + 3CO2

⑥2Ca + O2 = 2CaO

⑦CaO + H2O = Ca(OH)2

⑧H2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3 ↓ + 2H2O

Classification and transformation of substances PPT, Part 3: Classification of chemical reactions

Thinking Review: Four Basic Response Types:

Classification criteria: According to the categories of reactants and products and the number of substances before and after the reaction

Combination reaction A + B —— C

Decomposition reaction AB - A + B

Displacement reaction A+BC—— B+AC

Metathesis reaction AB + CD —— AD + CB

Expand and extend:

Chemical reactions: ionic reactions, nonionic reactions

Redox reactions

non-redox reaction

exothermic reaction, endothermic reaction

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Update Time: 2024-06-29

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