"Unit of Amount of Substance—Mole" Amount of Substance PPT

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"Unit of Amount of Substance—Mole" Amount of Substance PPT

Part One: Goals and Competencies:

1. Know the quantity of substances, the units and meanings of molar mass. (Macroscopic identification)

2. Understand the meaning of Avogadro’s constant, the basis for the quantity of matter. (Macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis)

3. Be able to convert between the mass of a substance, the number of particles and the amount of a substance. (Macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis)

The unit of quantity of matter, mole PPT, part 2 content: Independent preview to explore new knowledge

1. Amount of matter, Avogadro’s constant

1. amount of matter

(1) The amount of substance and its unit

①The amount of matter is the physical quantity representing the aggregate containing _______________, and is represented by the symbol ___.

②Unit of quantity of substance - mole

2.Avogadro’s constant

(1) According to international regulations, the number of particles contained in 1 mol of particle aggregates is approximately ___________.

(2) Avogadro's constant is the number of particles in 1 mole of any particle. The symbol is ____ and the unit is ____.

(3) The relationship between the amount of matter, Avogadro’s constant and the number of particles: n = _________.

2. Molar mass

(1) The molar mass of a particle is the mass of 1 mol of the particle. Is this correct? Why?

[Tips] Wrong. The unit of molar mass is g·mol-1, and the unit of mass of substance is g. The two have different meanings.

(2) It is known that the mass of an oxygen atom is 2.657×10-26 kg. Please calculate the molar mass of O2? What is the relationship with the relative molecular mass of O2?

[ Tips The unit is g·mol-1, which is numerically equivalent to the relative molecular mass of oxygen.

1. Judge whether it is true or false (mark “√” if it is correct and “×” if it is wrong)

(1) The amount of matter can be understood as the number of microscopic particles of matter ()

(2) The mole is one of the seven basic physical quantities in the International System of Units ()

(3) The number of particles contained in 1 mol of any particle is equal ()

(4) The molar mass of H2O is numerically equal to 18 ()

[Answer](1)×　(2)×　(3)√　(4)×

2. Which of the following statements is wrong ()

A. 1 mol of any substance contains approximately 6.02×1023 atoms

B． 1 mol C contains approximately 6.02×1023 carbon atoms

C． When using the mole as a unit for expressing amounts of a substance, use a chemical formula to indicate the type of particle

D． The amount of matter is one of the seven basic physical quantities in the International System of Units

A: 1 mol of substance contains about 6.02×1023 particles, but they are not necessarily atoms. A is wrong. ]

The unit of the amount of matter, mole PPT, the third part: core breakthrough and overcoming difficulties

Amount of substance, Avogadro's constant, molar mass

1. The quantity of matter—the “four modernizations”

Specialization

The four words "amount of matter" form a whole and cannot be separated or added. If it cannot be said as "material quantity" or "material quantity" etc.

microcosm

It is only used to describe microscopic particles, such as atoms, molecules, ions, neutrons, protons, electrons, etc. and specific combinations of these particles, such as NaCl; it cannot represent macroscopic substances, such as meters.

concretize

The specific type of particle must be specified, usually represented by a chemical formula, such as "1 mol O", "2 mol O2", "1.5 mol O3"; you cannot say "1 mol oxygen"

collectivization

The amount of substance can represent a specific combination or aggregate of multiple particles, such as 1 mol NaCl, 0.5 mol H2SO4

2.Avogadro’s constant

(1) Accurate quantity: It is a physical quantity, represented by NA, and the unit is mol-1.

(2) Approximate amount: 6.02×1023 mol-1.

3. Molar mass - "three properties"

(1) Equivalence: When the molar mass is only measured in g·mol-1, it is numerically equivalent to the relative molecular mass or relative atomic mass.

(2) Approximation: Since the mass of electrons is very small, when the molar mass of an ion is measured in g·mol-1, its value is approximately equal to the relative molecular mass or relative atomic mass. For example, the molar masses of Na and Na+ are both 23 g·mol-1.

(3) Certainty: For a specified substance, its molar mass value is a fixed value and does not change with the amount of the substance.

The unit of quantity of matter, mole PPT, part 4 content: Improving literacy by meeting standards in class

1. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The mole is a unit that expresses the quantity of a substance

B． The mole is a unit that expresses the amount of a substance

C． The mole is a unit that can express both the number of particles contained in a substance and the mass of the substance. It has a dual meaning.

D． The mole is the international unit of quantity of a substance

D. The amount of a substance is a physical quantity that represents the number of particles contained in a substance. The mole is the unit of the amount of a substance. 1 mol of a substance contains Avogadro's number of particles. ]

2. Among the following substances, the one with the largest molar mass is ()

A. 10 mL H2O　B． 0.8 mol H2SO4

C． 54 g Al D. 1 gCaCO3

D　When the molar mass is measured in g·mol-1, it is numerically equal to the relative atomic mass or relative molecular mass, regardless of its mass or volume. The relative molecular masses among the four options are 18, 98, 27, and 100, so D is selected. ]

3. The number of atoms contained in the following substances is Avogadro's constant ()

A. 1 mol Cl2 B． 0.5 mol CO2

C． 1 mol of neon gas D. 0.5 mol SO3

C: The atoms in item A are 2 mol, the atoms in item B are 1.5 mol, the atoms in item C are 1 mol, and the atoms in item D are 2 mol, so C is correct. ]

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Update Time: 2024-10-04

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