"Molar Volume of Gas" Amount of Substance PPT Download

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"Molar Volume of Gas" Amount of Substance PPT Download

Part One: Literacy Goals

1. Starting from the three factors that determine the volume of matter, discuss the determining factors of the volume of 1 mol of matter in different states, and finally form the concept of gas molar volume, and gradually cultivate the ability of macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis.

2. Gradually establish the conversion relationship between gas volume and the amount of gas substance based on the formula Vm=V/n, master the application of 22.4 L·mol-1, and gradually form the thinking habits of evidence reasoning and model cognition.

3. Preliminarily understand Avogadro's law and simple inferences, and be able to apply this inference to the judgment or calculation of the relationship between the volume, pressure, and amount of matter of gases, and cultivate the scientific inquiry spirit necessary for the discipline of chemistry.

Gas molar volume PPT, part 2 content: independent preview before class

Knowledge foundation

1. The three aggregation states of matter are gas, liquid and solid. When measuring the quantity, it is easy to measure the mass of solids and the volume of liquids and gases.

2. The volume of a certain amount of gas is mainly related to factors such as temperature and pressure.

Preview of new knowledge

1. Factors that determine the volume of matter

1. Factors affecting the volume of matter

[Micro Thought 1] What are the factors that determine the distance between gas particles? How do they affect it?

Hint The factors that determine the distance between gas particles are temperature and pressure. The higher the temperature, the lower the pressure, and the greater the distance between gas particles.

2.Avogadro’s law

At the same temperature and pressure, the same volume of any gas contains the same number of particles.

2. Gas molar volume

[Micro Thought 2] What are the applicable conditions for “22.4 L·mol-1”?

Tip: Any gas under standard conditions can be either a single gas or a mixed gas.

Autonomous testing

1. Judge whether it is right or wrong (mark “√” if it is correct and “×” if it is wrong).

(1) Under a certain temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is determined by the size and number of its molecules. ()

(2) The volume of solid substances and liquid substances depends on the particle size and number of particles. ()

(3) The volume of 1 mol of any gas is approximately 22.4 L. ()

(4) Under standard conditions, the volume of 1 mol of water is approximately 22.4 L. ()

(5) At the same temperature and pressure, the volume of 1 mol O2 is the same as the volume of 1 mol CO and CO2 mixed gas. ()

Answer(1)×　(2)√　(3)×　(4)×　(5)√

2. (1) Under standard conditions, the volume of 0.5 mol H2 is ________L.

(2) Under standard conditions, the amount of substance in 3.36 L O2 is ________mol.

(3) At the same temperature and pressure, the volume ratio of 1 mol H2 to 3 mol O2 is _________.

Answer(1)11.2　(2)0.15　(3)1∶3

Gas molar volume PPT, part 3 content: classroom exploration and learning

Gas molar volume and related calculations

Question exploration

Known: The molar volume of a gas refers to the volume occupied by the gas per unit amount of substance.

①Under the conditions of 0 ℃ and 101 kPa (standard conditions), the gas molar volume is approximately 22.4 L·mol-1.

②Under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 101 kPa, the gas molar volume is approximately 24.5 L·mol-1.

After checking the information, I found out:

③Under the conditions of 0 ℃ and 202 kPa, the gas molar volume is approximately 11.2 L·mol-1.

④At 273 ℃ and 202 kPa, the gas molar volume is approximately 22.4 L·mol-1.

(1) What are the factors that affect the molar volume of gas? How?

It is suggested that the influencing factors of gas molar volume are temperature and pressure. The higher the temperature, the lower the pressure, and the larger the molar volume of the gas.

(2) According to ① and ④, when the gas molar volume is about 22.4 L·mol-1, is it necessarily under standard conditions?

Not sure. While changing temperature and pressure, the molar volume of a gas may remain the same. For example, as the temperature increases, the pressure increases.

(3) Under standard conditions, is the gas molar volume of the mixed gas also 22.4 L·mol-1? Why?

The hint is. Under standard conditions, the distance between different molecules in the mixed gas is the same, so the volume of 1 mol of mixed gas is the same as the volume of 1 mol of single gas, both about 22.4 L.

Deepen and expand

1. Precautions when using gas molar volume

(1) The applicable range of gas molar volume is gas, which can be a single gas or a mixed gas. For example, under standard conditions, the volume of a mixed gas of 0.2 mol H2 and 0.8 mol O2 is approximately 22.4 L.

(2) Precautions when using 22.4 L·mol-1

①Conditions must be standard conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly see the condition of the gas.

②The state of matter must be gas. Substances such as water, alcohol, and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are not gases under standard conditions.

③The value "22.4 L·mol-1" is an approximate value.

2. Calculation of various physical quantities of gas under standard conditions

Su Neng application

Typical Example 1 (1) Under standard conditions, what is the amount of material in 3.36 L CO2? How many molecules does it contain CO2?

(2) Under standard conditions, what is the volume of 56 g N2?

(3) Under standard conditions, the volume of 16 g A2 gas is 11.2 L. What is the relative molecular mass of A2?

(4) What is the density of Cl2 under standard conditions?

Gas molar volume PPT, part 4: in-class testing

1. Under the same temperature and pressure, if the volumes of the two gases are different, please guess the main reason why ()

A. Gas molecules have different sizes

B. The amount of gas substances is different

C. Gas molecules have different chemical properties

D. The average distance between gas molecules is different

Answer B

Analysis Under the same temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas depends on the amount of its substance. If the amount of the substance is different, its volume will be different.

2. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The volume of 1 mol of any gas is 22.4 L

B.1 mol of any substance occupies a volume of 22.4 L under standard conditions

C. Under standard conditions, the volume occupied by 1 mol of water is 22.4 L

D. Under standard conditions, the amount of substance in 22.4 L of any gas is 1 mol

AnswerD

Analysis is based on the "four elements" of gas molar volume, namely state (gas), condition (condition: temperature, pressure), quantitative (1 mol), and numerical value (volume). Item A does not specify the temperature and pressure of the substance; item B, the gas molar volume is only applicable to gases; item C, water is not a gas under standard conditions, so A, B, and C are all wrong, item D correct.

3. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The volume of 1.5 mol O2 is 33.6 L

B. Under standard conditions, the volume of 2 mol H2 is 44.8 L

C. Different gases have different numbers of molecules if they have different volumes.

D. The amount of substance 32 g O2 is 1 mol, and its volume is 22.4 L

Answer B

Analysis A, C, and D do not specify the temperature and pressure of the gas.

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

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