"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 2

【learning target】

1. Understand the close relationship between metal materials and human life and social development.

2. Understand the physical properties of common metals and the characteristics of alloys.

3. Understand the relationship between the properties and uses of substances.

1. Several important metals

Students read the first and second paragraphs of textbook P2 and think:

1. Understand the history of material use in human society?

2. At present, the top three metals in terms of output are _________.

3. Please tell us the physical properties of these substances based on their uses?

Common physical properties of metals

①They are all solid at room temperature (except mercury)

②Has metallic luster

③Most are excellent conductors of electricity and heat

④Extensible

⑤Higher density

⑥Higher melting point

Discussion: Analyze the following questions based on your life experience and the information provided in the table below.

1. Why are kitchen knives, sickles, hammers, etc. made of iron instead of lead?

Answer: Because the hardness of iron is relatively large, while the hardness of lead is small, and lead is toxic and harmful to the human body, it is not suitable for making kitchen knives, sickles and other items.

2. Silver conducts electricity better than copper. Why are wires generally made of copper instead of silver?

Silver is expensive, and its density is high, making it difficult to erect.

3. Why are the filaments in light bulbs made of tungsten instead of tin? What might happen if it were made of tin?

Tungsten has a high melting point and tin has a low melting point; if a tin filament is used, it will easily fuse.

4. Why do some iron products such as faucets need to be chromium plated? What would happen if it were gold plated?

Chrome plating: Chromium is hard, wear-resistant, and has a long shelf life; Chromium is corrosion-resistant and can prevent iron products from rusting; Chromium plating also makes the faucet beautiful and elegant.

Gold plating: more beautiful and more corrosion-resistant, but gold is expensive, has low hardness, and is easy to wear.

After studying this topic you should know:

1. Metals have many common physical properties. For example, all metals (except mercury) are solid at room temperature; they have a silvery-white metallic luster (copper is purple-red and gold is yellow). Most of them are excellent conductors of electricity and heat. They are ductile, have a high density, and have a low melting point. high.

2. The nature of a substance determines its use to a large extent, but it is not the only determining factor. When we consider the use of materials, we also need to consider many factors such as price, resources, whether it is beautiful, whether it is convenient to use, whether the waste is easy to recycle, and its impact on the environment.

Practice in class

1. What are the superior properties of aluminum compared to iron?

(Consider it from the aspects of melting point, hardness, density, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, ductility, etc.)

It has low melting point, low hardness, low density, corrosion resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity, good ductility, etc.

2. The history of human use of metals has gone through the process from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age to the extensive use of aluminum alloys. This fact is related to the following factors: () A. The content of metal elements in the earth's crust B. The ductility of metal C. The conductivity of metal D. The level of metal smelting

3. Scientists have discovered a new metal with some of its properties:

This metal has a protective oxide layer on its surface. Just think of possible uses for this metal. ( )

⑴Used in aerospace, manufacturing rockets, aircraft, etc.;

⑵For ship shell;

⑶Making communication equipment;

⑷Manufacture kitchen equipment, etc.

2. Alloy:

1.What is alloy?

A substance with metallic characteristics formed by the fusion of one metal with other metals (or non-metals).

Such as: iron alloys (pig iron, steel), copper alloys, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys

2. What kind of substances do iron and pig iron belong to?

Iron is a pure substance, while pig iron is a mixture.

3. What are the similarities and differences in the compositions of pig iron and steel?

The composition mainly contains iron and carbon elements. Pig iron is an iron alloy with a carbon content of 2% to 4.3%, while steel is an iron alloy with a carbon content of 0.03% to 2%.

4. What are the performance advantages of pig iron and steel compared to pure iron?

Not only the hardness increases, but also the corrosion resistance is enhanced.

Class summary:

1. Metals have many common physical properties. For example, all metals (except mercury) are solid at room temperature; they have a silvery-white metallic luster (copper is purple-red and gold is yellow). Most of them are excellent conductors of electricity and heat. They are ductile, have a high density, and have a low melting point. high.

2. The nature of a substance determines its use to a large extent, but it is not the only determining factor. When we consider the use of materials, we also need to consider many factors such as price, resources, whether it is beautiful, whether it is convenient to use, whether the waste is easy to recycle, and its impact on the environment.

3. Metal materials include iron, aluminum, copper and other pure metals and alloys. Alloys made by heating and fusing certain metals or nonmetals into metals change their properties. Alloys are generally stronger and harder than the pure metals they are composed of, and have better corrosion resistance. Therefore, alloys have a wider range of uses.

students practice

1. What are the superior properties of aluminum compared to iron? (Considered from melting point, hardness, density, strength, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance)

It has low density, corrosion resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity, good ductility, etc.

2. Which alloy would you choose to make the following items? Give reasons.

3. In 1989, the World Health Organization identified aluminum as one of the sources of food contamination and controlled its use.

Aluminum is used in the following applications: ① making aluminum alloys; ② making wires; ③ making cooking utensils; ④ silver paint pigments; ⑤ alum water purification ⑥ alum and soda to make food expanding agents; ⑦ making cans; ⑧ Weishuping medicines; ⑨ packaging candies and small items food. What should be controlled is ( )

A. ③⑤⑧⑨ B. ⑥⑧⑨

C. ③⑤⑨ D. ③⑤ ⑥ ⑦⑧⑨

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"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 3:

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 3 1. Physical properties of metals, alloys, metallic luster, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility, solid at room temperature (mercury is liquid) What is an alloy? What properties does an alloy have compared to the metals that make it up?

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware:

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware The properties of substances determine the uses of substances: Uses of metals Conjectures on the properties of metals Weapons, knives Metals are generally hard Aluminum foil, iron wire are malleable Wires and cables Metals can conduct electricity...

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Hunan Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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