"Particles Constituting Matter (I) - Molecules" PPT courseware on the composition of air and matter

Description

"Particles Constituting Matter (I) - Molecules" PPT courseware on the composition of air and matter

learning target

1. Know that molecules are the basic particles that make up matter.

2. Understand the concept of molecules.

3. Understand the properties of molecules.

Ask students to think about the following questions:

1. Why do wet clothes dry out when exposed to the sun?

2. When sugar cubes are placed in water, they will gradually disappear, but the water will have a sweet taste. Why is this?

3. Why do I often smell the aroma of flowers or wine when I walk near a garden or hotel?

4. The water in an open container will gradually decrease at room temperature. If it is heated, it will decrease faster. Why?

Phenomenon: The classroom is filled with aroma

Experimental principle: Diffusion movement of molecules (a physical change)

Explanation: 1. Many substances are composed of particles called molecules.

2. After these molecules in the perfume diffuse into the air through movement, we can smell the smell of alcohol and essence.

Tip: Concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated ammonia are volatile

Explanation: The hydrogen chloride molecules present in concentrated hydrochloric acid and the ammonia molecules in concentrated ammonia move into the air and meet, and a chemical reaction occurs to generate small ammonium chloride particles, which diffuse into the air and form white smoke.

1. Molecular definition

A molecule is a particle that retains its chemical properties

2. Properties of molecules

1. The volume and mass of molecules are small

The mass of a water molecule is approximately 3×10-26 kg.

water molecules in a drop of water,

Counting 4 in one second,

day and night

More than 1300 billion years

properties of molecules

[Experiment 2-5] Experiment of dropping phenolphthalein solution into ammonia water

Experimental phenomenon: The solution in the test tube changes from colorless to red

[Experiment 2-6] Movement of ammonia water molecular particles

Experimental phenomenon: A red liquid layer is produced on the upper layer of the beaker with distilled water dripping with phenolphthalein, and the red color slowly spreads downward.

2. Characteristics of molecules:

1. Molecules always ---, and the higher the temperature, the faster the molecules ---.

2. There is———— between molecules.

3.The mass and volume of the molecule are both————.

4. The material and chemical properties of the same type of molecules -, the material and chemical properties of different types of molecules -.

1. Water is composed of water molecules, particles that maintain the chemical properties of water ( )

A. Oxygen atom B. Hydrogen atom

C. Oxygen molecules D. Water molecules

2. In the spring season, when people stand next to the lilac tree, they often smell the pleasant fragrance. This phenomenon shows that ()

A. The molecule is very large. B. The molecule splits into atoms.

C. The molecules are constantly moving. D. There are gaps between the molecules.

3. The volume of carbon dioxide gas becomes smaller after being pressurized. The main reason is ( )

A. The molecular mass has become smaller. B. The molecular volume has become smaller.

C. The molecular distance has become smaller. D. The molecular composition has changed.

3. Define mixtures and pure substances from a molecular perspective

Substances composed of the same kind of molecules are pure substances

A substance composed of different molecules is a mixture

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For more information about the PPT courseware "The Composition of Air Substances and the Particle Molecules Composing Substances", please click on the "Composition of Air Substances ppt Particle Molecules Constituting Substances" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-09-30

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Cantonese Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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