"Preparing Oxygen" Life-Sustaining Gas - Oxygen PPT Courseware 2

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"Preparing Oxygen" Life-Sustaining Gas - Oxygen PPT Courseware 2

1. Catalyst

1. Definition:

A substance that can change the reaction rate of other substances in a chemical reaction without changing its quality and chemical properties before and after the chemical reaction is called a catalyst.

Catalysis: The role played by a catalyst is called catalysis

2. Characteristics: One changes and the other remains unchanged.

3. Things to note:

(1) Change includes speeding up or slowing down.

(2) The chemical properties of the catalyst do not change before and after the chemical reaction, but the physical properties may change.

(3) What changes is the rate and time, not the quality of the product.

(4) Catalysts must be placed in specific chemical reactions to be meaningful.

(5) Different substances can be used as catalysts for the same reaction, but the same substance can be used as the catalyst for non-reactions.

2. The reaction principle of producing oxygen in the laboratory

Hydrogen peroxide → water + oxygen

H2O2→H2O+O2

Potassium permanganate→potassium manganate+manganese dioxide+oxygen

KMnO4→K2MnO4+MnO2+O2

Potassium chlorate → potassium chloride + oxygen

KClO3→KCl + O2

3. Oxygen testing method:

Insert the wooden stick with sparks into the gas collecting bottle. If the wooden stick re-ignites, the gas is oxygen.

Common gas collection methods:

1. Drainage method: suitable for gases that are difficult or difficult to dissolve in water and do not react with water.

2. Air exhaust method:

1) Upward air exhaust method

Suitable for gases that are denser than air and do not react with components in the air

2) Downward air exhaust method

Suitable for gases that are less dense than air and do not react with components in the air

5. Decomposition reaction

1. Definition: A reaction in which one substance produces two or more other substances.

2. General formula: AB= A + B

3. Features: versatile

4. Judgment method: The key is to see whether there is only one kind of product

6. Industrial production method of oxygen:

1. Method: Separating liquid air method

2. Principle: The boiling point of liquid nitrogen is lower than that of liquid oxygen.

3. Change: physical change

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Update Time: 2024-06-27

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