"Chemistry is a science based on experiments" Entering the World of Chemistry PPT Courseware 5

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"Chemistry is a science based on experiments" Entering the World of Chemistry PPT Courseware 5

Observe the general methods (or steps) of chemical experiments

Before the experiment: Observe the physical properties of candles

Color, state, shape, smell, hardness, density, solubility, etc.

During the experiment: observe the phenomenon of candle burning

Is there any phenomenon such as luminescence, heat emission, discoloration, gas, precipitation, sound, etc.

After the experiment: Analyze the cause of the phenomenon and draw conclusions

What happens when a candle burns? How many layers does the flame have? Which layer is the brightest? Which layer is darkest? Which part of the flame has the highest temperature and which part has the lowest temperature?

The candle burns quietly and continuously with black smoke above the flame.

The flame is yellow and divided into three layers: outer flame, inner flame, and flame core.

The outer flame is the brightest and has the highest temperature;

The center of the flame is the darkest, the flame is light blue and the temperature is the lowest.

Take a match and quickly place it flat in the flame.

Take it out after 1-2 seconds and observe any phenomena?

The part near the flame center of the match basically does not change color, while the outer flame part carbonizes and turns black.

Characteristics of Chemistry Learning

⑴ Pay attention to the properties of substances

Such as color, state, smell, hardness, density, melting point, boiling point, and whether the candle can burn and whether its combustion products can make clear lime water turbid, etc.

⑵ Pay attention to changes in substances

For example, whether paraffin melts when heated, whether it emits light, releases heat, and produces carbon dioxide and water vapor when burned.

⑶ Pay attention to the change process and phenomena of matter,

That is, it does not focus on a certain property or change of matter in isolation, but carefully observes and describes the phenomenon of matter before, during, and after change, and conducts comparison and analysis to draw reliable conclusions.

2. Research on the air inhaled and exhaled by the human body

Take a guess:

We have to breathe every moment, so what kind of gas do we exhale and what kind of gas do we inhale?

Is the only thing you breathe in oxygen? Is there also carbon dioxide?

Is there really only carbon dioxide in exhaled breath? Will there be oxygen too?

background knowledge:

①Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas can make clear limewater turbid: the more turbidity, the more carbon dioxide (CO2) gas (prerequisite: there is enough clear limewater).

② Oxygen (O2) can rekindle wood sticks with sparks; the more vigorous the wood sticks burn, the more oxygen (O2) there is. That is, oxygen (O2) can support combustion.

③Carbon dioxide (CO2) can extinguish burning wood sticks, that is, carbon dioxide (CO2) does not support combustion.

practise

1. The substance used to detect carbon dioxide gas is ( )

A water B liquor C salt water D clarified lime water

2The gas that can cause sparks to re-ignite wood sticks is ( )

A air B carbon dioxide C oxygen D water vapor

3. When a candle burns in the air, the substance produced is ( )

A oxygen B carbon dioxide C water D carbon dioxide and water

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Update Time: 2024-07-15

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