"Preparing Oxygen" Air Around Us PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Preparing Oxygen" Air Around Us PPT Courseware 2

teaching objectives

Knowledge and skills

1. Preliminarily learn the operation of experiments to explore the properties of oxygen;

2. Understand the different principles of oxygen production in laboratories and industries;

3. Know the drugs, principles, devices, operations, gas collection and solution selection for producing oxygen in the laboratory;

4. Understand decomposition reactions, catalysts and catalysis.

Process and Method

Through the comparison and identification of various oxygen production plans, learn to choose the best raw materials, conditions, principles, and devices; understand the general ideas of gas production in the laboratory while observing the production experiments.

Emotional attitudes and values

Cultivate a pragmatic, serious scientific attitude and good experimental habits; cultivate a scientific and rigorous learning style through inquiry and experiments.

1. Methods of producing oxygen in the laboratory

1. Decompose hydrogen peroxide

2. Heated potassium chlorate

3. Heat potassium permanganate

1. Decompose hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen

Experiment 1: Decompose hydrogen peroxide solution to produce oxygen

Step 1: At normal temperature, put the wooden stick with sparks into the test tube containing hydrogen peroxide solution and observe whether the wooden stick re-ignites?

Step 2: Add a small amount of manganese dioxide to the above test tube, and insert the wooden stick with Mars into the test tube. Observe what happens.

Step 3: After the reaction stops, re-add the hydrogen peroxide solution and insert the wooden stick with sparks into the test tube. Observe what happens.

The concept of catalyst: A substance that can change the chemical reaction rate of other substances in a chemical reaction, but its own mass and chemical properties do not change before and after the chemical reaction is called a catalyst.

Catalyst characteristics:

First change: chemical reaction rate changes;

Two constants: the quality remains unchanged and the chemical properties remain unchanged.

The role of catalyst:

Use efficient catalysts to produce gasoline, kerosene, etc.;

Promotes the elimination of harmful gases in automobile exhaust treatment; used in brewing industry and pharmaceutical industry.

2. Heating potassium chlorate to produce oxygen

Experimental procedures

(1) Connect the instrument as required;

(2) Check the air tightness of the device;

(3) Mix potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide in a ratio of 3:1 evenly into the test tube, and plug the mouth of the test tube tightly with a single-hole leather stopper with a catheter;

(4) Fix the test tube on the iron stand;

(4) Light the alcohol lamp and heat the test tube;

(5) When there are continuous and even bubbles emerging from the mouth of the conduit, start collecting using the drainage and gas collection method;

(6) Take out the catheter and extinguish the alcohol lamp and put the instruments in order.

Gas collection device

Scope of application

Gases that are not easily or poorly soluble in water

advantage

(1) Easily collect purer gas

(2) It is easy to observe whether the gas has been fully collected

shortcoming

(1) The collected gas is relatively humid

(2) Not as convenient as the air exhaust method

Class exercises

1. The industrial method for producing large amounts of oxygen is ( )

A. Heating potassium chlorate B. Heat potassium permanganate

C. Separating liquid air D. Heated manganese dioxide

2. The role of catalysts in chemical reactions is ( )

A. speed up chemical reactions

B． Increase the quality of the product

C. change the rate of a chemical reaction

D． Slow down the rate of chemical reactions

3. When preparing oxygen in the laboratory, the opening of the large test tube containing drugs should ( )

A. Downward B. upward

C. Slightly tilted downward D. Slightly tilted upward

4. When the laboratory uses the drainage method to collect oxygen, the air guide tube needs to be extended into a gas collecting bottle filled with water. This operation should be done in ( )

A. Before heating solid pharmaceutical products

B． Simultaneously with heating solid pharmaceuticals

C. When bubbles begin to release

D． When bubbles are released continuously and evenly

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Update Time: 2024-07-24

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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