"Elements" The Mystery of Material Composition PPT Courseware 8

Description

"Elements" The Mystery of Material Composition PPT Courseware 8

learning target

1. Understand the concept of elements

2. Know the content of each element in the earth’s crust

3. Understand the meanings of element symbols and learn the correct way to write element symbols.

4. Memorize common element symbols

5. Preliminary understanding of the periodic table of elements

think

What is relative atomic mass? Which type of carbon atom is one of them? Are there other carbon atoms?

Introduction: Several types of carbon atoms

The number of protons is 6 and the number of neutrons is 6

The number of protons is 6 and the number of neutrons is 7

one element

An element is the general name for a type of atoms with the same nuclear charge (i.e. the number of protons in the nucleus)

1. The fundamental difference between elements is the different nuclear charges (number of protons).

2. The general term for a type of atoms has macroscopic significance (only the type, not the number)

There are more than 100 types of elements

There are more than 30 million types of substances

2. Element classification:

Metal elements-------sodium Na, magnesium Mg, iron Fe (mercury Hg) (gold)

Non-metallic elements------carbon C, nitrogen N, oxygen O, chlorine Cl (stone, gas)

Rare gas elements----helium He, neon Ne, argon Ar (gas)

3. Molecules, atoms, elements, macroscopic and microscopic

Water is composed of ______ (particles); it is composed of ( ); a water molecule is composed of ( )

a substance made up of molecules

1. Matter is composed of _____

2. Matter is made of _____

3. Molecules are made of _____

4. A molecule is made of ________

Are the following statements correct?

1. Water is composed of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms

2. Water is composed of 2 hydrogen elements and 1 oxygen element

3. Water molecules are composed of hydrogen and oxygen elements

4. A water molecule is composed of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

The ozone layer in the atmosphere absorbs ultraviolet rays from the sun and protects the earth. Which statement about ozone (O3) is incorrect ( )

A. Ozone is an elemental substance

B. Each ozone molecule is composed of three oxygen atoms

C. Ozone contains oxygen

D. The gas composed of ozone and oxygen is a mixture

If a substance is measured in the laboratory to contain only one element, then the substance ( )

(A) It must be a simple substance

(B) It must be a pure substance

(C) It must be a mixture

(D) It must not be a compound

do you know?

After adding a coefficient in front of the element symbol, it can only represent a number of atoms and no longer represent a certain element. For example, 3H represents only three hydrogen atoms, and 5Fe represents 5 iron atoms.

Remember and be able to write the following element symbols correctly:

Hydrogen Helium Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon

H He C N O F Ne

Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl

Argon Potassium Calcium Manganese Iron Copper Zinc

Ar K Ca Mn Fe Cu Zn

silver barium mercury gold

AgB Hg

Examine the periodic table of elements and discuss the following questions

1. What type of element starts each cycle?

The beginning of each cycle is the metal element

2. What type of elements are near the tail of each cycle?

Near the end of each cycle are non-metallic elements

3. What type of element does each cycle end with?

Each cycle ends with a noble gas element

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Update Time: 2024-11-18

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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