"Law of Conservation of Mass" Chemical Equations PPT Courseware 2

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"Law of Conservation of Mass" Chemical Equations PPT Courseware 2

Option 1. White phosphorus combustion

Experimental phenomenon: White phosphorus burns to produce a large amount of white smoke and releases a large amount of heat.

Total mass before reaction (g): M1

Total mass after reaction (g): M2

Experimental results: M1=M2

Scheme 2. Reaction of iron nails and copper sulfate

Experimental phenomenon: The surface of the iron nail is covered with a layer of red substance, and the solution changes from blue to light green.

Iron + copper sulfate → copper + ferrous sulfate

Fe+CuSO4 → Cu+FeSO4

Experimental results: M reactants = M products

m(Fe)+m(CuSO4)=m(Cu)+m(FeSO4)

When understanding the definition of the law of conservation of mass, please note:

1. The law of conservation of mass applies to all chemical reactions.

2. The "conservation" of the law of conservation of mass refers to the conservation of mass, and other aspects such as volume are not necessarily conserved.

3. "The total mass of all substances participating in chemical reactions" should include all substances actually participating in chemical reactions, including the three states of gas, liquid and solid.

4. The "sum of the mass of each substance produced" should include various substances produced, such as precipitation, gas, etc.

Class exercises

1. According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of 100g water and 100g alcohol mixed is 200g. Is this correct?

2. In the reaction A+B→C+D, 5 grams of A and a certain amount of B react completely to produce 3 grams of C and 10 grams of D. Then the mass of B is ( )

(A) 18 grams (B) 7 grams (C) 8 grams (D) 6 grams

3. 1g hydrogen reacts with 10g oxygen, of which 2g oxygen remains unreacted. What is the mass of water produced?

4. According to the law of conservation of mass, the reaction of 2L hydrogen and 1L oxygen can produce 3L water.

5. 2g of water turns into 2g of water vapor after heating. This process obeys the law of conservation of mass.

A simple application of the law of conservation of mass

1. In the reaction A+B=C+D, it is known that 2 g A and 5 gB participate in the reaction and 4 g C is produced, then ____g D is produced.

2. Heating 10 g of a mixture of potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide, the total mass of the residue after the reaction is 9.52 g, then the mass of oxygen produced is ____g

3. It is known that paraffin is the main component of candles. The products of complete combustion of candles in the air are CO2 and H2O. It is judged that paraffin must contain _______ elements and may contain ___ elements.

4. In the chemical reaction 2XY2+Y2=2Z, the chemical formula of Z is ( )

A. X2Y3 B. XY3

C、X2Y6 D、X2Y4

5. After heating a mixture of 10g each of A, B, and C, all A participates in the reaction, C increases by 8g, and 4gD is generated at the same time. Then the mass ratio of A and B in the reaction is ( )

A.5:1 B.1:5 C.1:4 D.4:1

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Update Time: 2024-09-29

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