"Simple Calculation Using Chemical Equations" Chemical Equations PPT Courseware 3

Description

"Simple Calculation Using Chemical Equations" Chemical Equations PPT Courseware 3

learning target

1. On the basis of understanding the meaning of chemical equations, master the calculation of the quantities of reactants and products.

2. Through the calculation of chemical equations, master the writing format of chemical equation calculations, and at the same time cultivate and improve thinking and problem-solving abilities.

Learning points

1. Master the mass of a known reactant (or product) and find the mass of the product (or reactant).

2. Standardize the writing format calculated based on chemical equations.

What does a chemical equation mean?

(1) Indicates the reactants, products and reaction conditions of chemical reactions;

(2) Express the mass relationship of each substance in a chemical reaction;

(3) Indicates the ratio of the number of particles between reactants and products.

1. Calculate the mass of the product if the mass of the reactants is known;

Example 1: How many grams of oxygen can be obtained by heating and decomposing 6 g of potassium permanganate?

Correct solution steps for calculations based on chemical equations:

[Solution] (1) Assume the unknown quantity (do not bring units)

(2) Write the chemical equation correctly (pay attention to balance)

(3) Write the product of the relative molecular mass and the stoichiometric number of the relevant substance and the known and unknown quantities (write it directly below the corresponding chemical formula. Write the relative molecular mass first. Be sure to multiply the relative molecular mass by the chemical formula in front of it. coefficient, and then write the mass; the mass unit must be written, and it must be unified.)

(4) List the proportional formula and solve it (the calculation results are carried out according to the requirements in the question. If there is no requirement in the question and the division cannot be completed, keep one decimal place)

(5) Write the answer concisely

Relative atomic mass K-39 Mn-55 O-16

Example 1: How many grams of oxygen can be obtained by heating and decomposing 6g of potassium permanganate?

[Solution] (1) Assume the unknown quantity

(2) Write the chemical reaction equation and balance it

(3) Write the relative molecular mass, known quantities, and unknown quantities of the relevant substances

(3) List the proportional formula and solve it

What is the minimum number of grams of potassium chlorate required to meet the experimental requirements without wasting medicine?

Kind tips

1. The chemical equation of the reaction is: 2KClO3 =2KCl+3O2

2. The total mass of the three bottles of oxygen is about 0.96 grams.

3. Relative atomic mass K-39 Cl-35.5 O-16

Several methods in chemical reaction calculations

1. Use the law of conservation of mass to calculate that only one of all reactants and products is unknown.

2. Use chemical equations to calculate. If the mass of any substance is known, the mass of other substances can be found.

Several issues that should be paid attention to when calculating chemical equations:

1. The problem-solving format must be standardized and programmed.

2. Chemical equations must be correct and balanced, otherwise they will violate objective facts and the law of conservation of mass.

3. The mass ratio of each substance must be calculated accurately, and cannot be careless or arrogant.

4. The calculation of chemical equations is based on the "Law of Conservation of Mass", so the condition given in the question is that volume must first be converted into mass.

5. Each quantity in the chemical equation is the mass relationship between pure substances, and impurities must be removed when calculating.

Summary of chemical calculation questions:

Question Type 1: Using the Law of Conservation of Mass

1. In the chemical equation 2A+B=C+2D, the relative molecular mass of A is 103, the relative molecular mass of B is 71, and the relative molecular mass of C is 160, then the relative molecular mass of D is ______.

2A + B = C + 2D

2×106 71 160 2×y

2×106 +71=160+2×y

y=61.5

2. If 212 grams of A and 71 grams of B react completely in the above reaction to produce 160 grams of C, then the mass of D produced is _____.

Consolidation exercises

2. When the following metals with the same mass react with a sufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, the one that produces the most H2 is ______

A Mg B Al C Zn D Fe

3. After 5.6 grams of an impure iron piece reacts with a sufficient amount of dilute sulfuric acid, 0.18 grams of hydrogen gas is obtained. The metal mixed with the iron piece may be ______

A Zn B Al C Mg D Na

Discussion: What would happen if 2.1 grams or 2 grams of hydrogen were produced?

practise

1. When the following substances of equal mass are completely burned in oxygen, the one that consumes the most oxygen is ( )

A. Hydrogen gas b. Red phosphorus c. Sulfur D. iron

2. Equal masses of iron and zinc react with a sufficient amount of dilute hydrochloric acid respectively. The known chemical equations of the reactions are: Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2↑, Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2↑. Then the mass of hydrogen produced is ( )

A. equal b. Iron is greater than zinc C. Iron is smaller than zinc D. Can't compare

4. Which of the following statements about hydrogen burning in oxygen is correct ( )

A. The reaction of 16g ​​hydrogen and 2g oxygen can produce 18g water

B． The reaction of 9g hydrogen and 9g oxygen can produce 18g water

C. The reaction of 1g hydrogen and 8g oxygen can produce 9g water

D． The reaction of 8g hydrogen and 1g oxygen can produce 9g water

5. In the reaction of 2X + Y2 === 2Z, the relative atomic mass of X is 24, the relative molecular mass of Y2 is 32, and the relative molecular mass of Z is ( )

A.64 B.56 C.40 D.32

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Update Time: 2024-06-01

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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