"End of Chapter Optimization Summary" Research on Uniform Speed ​​Linear Motion PPT

Description

"End of Chapter Optimization Summary" Research on Uniform Speed ​​Linear Motion PPT

Integration and improvement

Common methods to solve the problem of uniform speed linear motion

1. The relationship between the formulas of uniformly variable linear motion laws

2. Commonly used problem-solving methods

Commonly used methods Regular characteristics

General formula v=v0+at, x=v0t+12at2, v2-v20=2ax

When using, it should be noted that they are all vectors. Generally, the v0 direction is the positive direction. The other physical quantities that are the same as the positive direction are positive, and those that are opposite to the positive direction are negative.

The average speed method v-=xt is applicable to motion of any nature;

v-=12(v0+v), only applicable to uniform speed linear motion

Intermediate moment velocity method vt2=v-=12(v0+v), suitable for uniform speed linear motion

Proportional method For a uniformly accelerated linear motion with an initial velocity of 0 or a uniformly decelerated linear motion with a final velocity of 0, the proportional method can be used to solve the problem.

Reverse thinking method is a method of taking the "final state" of the motion process as the "initial state". For example, a uniformly decelerating linear motion with a final velocity of 0 can be viewed as a uniformly accelerated linear motion with an initial velocity of 0 in the opposite direction.

Image method The application of v-t images can transform complex physical problems into simpler mathematical problems to solve. Especially the qualitative analysis of images can avoid complicated calculations and solve them quickly.

The object rushes up a fixed smooth slope with a certain initial velocity. The total length of the slope is l. When it reaches the highest point C of the slope, the speed is exactly zero, as shown in the figure. It is known that when the object moves to point B 34l away from the bottom of the slope, the time it takes is t. Find the time it takes for the object to slide from B to C.

Summary and improvement

Steps to solve the problem of linear motion with uniform speed

(1) Analyze the meaning of the question, determine the research object, determine the movement of the object, and analyze the direction of acceleration and displacement.

(2) Select the positive direction and draw a motion diagram according to the meaning of the question.

(3) Based on the known conditions and the quantity to be determined, select the formula and list the equation.

(4) Unify the units and solve the equation to find the unknown quantity.

(5) Verify the results and make necessary discussions on the results.

A comprehensive problem of moving images and pursuit encounter problems

1. Three points to note when applying moving images

(1) Both the x-t image and the v-t image can only describe linear motion.

(2) Neither the x-t image nor the v-t image represents the trajectory of the object.

(3) The shapes of the x-t image and v-t image are determined by the functional relationships between x and t, v and t.

2. Applying moving images to solve problems "Six Looks"

Axis The horizontal axis is time t, and the vertical axis is displacement x. The horizontal axis is time t, and the vertical axis is speed v.

Line A tilted straight line represents uniform linear motion. A tilted straight line represents uniform linear motion.

Slope represents velocity represents acceleration

(Multiple choice) (2018•National College Entrance Examination Paper II) Two cars A and B move in the same direction on the same straight road. Their speed-time images are shown in the two curves of A and B respectively. It is known that two cars are traveling side by side at time t2. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The two cars are also traveling side by side at time t1.

B． At time t1, car A is behind and car B is in front.

C. The acceleration of vehicle A first increases and then decreases

D． The acceleration of car B first decreases and then increases

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Update Time: 2024-10-02

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