"Sublimation and Sublimation" PPT Courseware on Changes in State of Matter 9

Description

"Sublimation and Sublimation" PPT Courseware on Changes in State of Matter 9

Sublimation and sublimation phenomena in life

sublimation phenomenon

Solid state changes directly to gaseous state

Sublimation phenomenon

Gaseous state changes directly to solid state

What is dry ice?

It is solid carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide gas will turn into a colorless liquid under the conditions of pressurization and cooling. When the temperature is lowered, it will turn into a snowflake-like solid. After compression, it will turn into dry ice. Under a standard atmospheric pressure, it can be stored at -78°C. It turns directly into gas.

2. Determine the following physical state change processes

1) In spring, the frozen lake begins to thaw;

2) In summer, when you open the popsicle paper, you will see "white gas";

3) The water sprinkled on the ground dries;

4) In late autumn, there is a layer of frost on the roof tiles;

5) In winter, frozen clothes gradually dry out;

6) On winter mornings, there are ice flowers in the glass windows of northern houses;

7) The moth balls disappear after a few months;

8) The molten steel coming out of the furnace turns into steel ingots;

9) When people with glasses enter indoors in winter, the lenses will be covered with a layer of small water droplets;

Summary: seven threes

1. Three states: ① solid state, ② liquid state, ③ gas state

2. Three endothermic processes: ① melting, ② vaporization, ③ sublimation

3. Three exothermic processes: ① Solidification, ② Liquefaction, ③ Sublimation

4. Three reciprocal processes: ① Melting and solidification, ② Vaporization and liquefaction, ③ Sublimation and sublimation

5. Three special (temperature) points: ① Melting point: the temperature when the crystal melts; ② Freezing point: the temperature when the crystal solidifies: ③ Boiling point: the temperature when the liquid boils.

6. Three constant temperatures: ① The temperature when the crystal melts; ② The temperature when the crystal solidifies; ③ The temperature when the liquid boils.

7. Three conditions: ① Necessary and sufficient conditions for crystal melting: reaching the melting point; continuing to absorb heat; and the temperature remaining unchanged. ② Necessary and sufficient conditions for crystal solidification: reaching the freezing point; continuing to release heat; and the temperature remaining unchanged. ③Necessary and sufficient conditions for liquid to boil: reach boiling point; continue to absorb heat; temperature remains unchanged.

Practice in class

1. Among the following examples, which one belongs to the sublimation phenomenon ( )

A. Sanitary balls made of naphthalene are getting smaller and smaller

B. Wet clothes were dried

C. The hard ice emits "white gas"

D. The iron block turns into molten iron in the furnace

2. Which of the following phenomena belongs to the sublimation phenomenon ( )

A. In winter, clothes that are frozen indoors dry out.

B. There is a layer of frost on the roof tiles

C. There is thick fog in the morning

D. The water sprinkled on the indoor floor has dried.

3. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. Sublimation can occur at any temperature

B. Frozen clothes must be melted first before they can dry.

C. To turn a gas into a solid, it must first liquefy and then solidify.

D. Sublimation has a cooling effect

practise:

1. On a cold winter morning, you can find a layer of ice on the glass of the window. This is due to ()

A. The cold air outside first liquefies into small water droplets, and then solidifies into ice flowers, which adhere to the outer wall of the glass.

B. The water vapor in the room releases heat toward the glass and solvates into small water droplets, which then solidify into ice flowers and adhere to the inner wall of the glass.

C. The water vapor in the room releases heat towards the glass and condenses into ice flowers, which adhere to the inner wall of the glass.

D. The water vapor in the room releases heat towards the glass and condenses into ice flowers, which adhere to the outer wall of the glass.

2. In cold winter, "window grilles" often appear on window glass. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. Window grilles are on the inner surface of the glass, which is a sublimation phenomenon.

B. Window grilles are on the inner surface of the glass, which is a phenomenon of sublimation

C. Window grilles are on the outer surface of the glass, which is a sublimation phenomenon.

D. Window grilles are on the outer surface of the glass, which is a phenomenon of condensation.

3. Spraying dry ice (solid CO2) on the stage can produce white mist to achieve the desired effect. This mist is ( )

A. Small droplets formed by rapid liquefaction of carbon dioxide gas

B. Gas formed by rapid melting of dry ice and then evaporation

C. Dry ice quickly sublimates into gas

D. Dry ice liquefies water vapor in the air to form small water droplets and solidifies to form small ice crystals

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Update Time: 2024-10-02

This template belongs to Physics courseware Lu Jiao Edition Ninth Grade Physics Volume 2 industry PPT template

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