"Thermal Motion of Molecular" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 2

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"Thermal Motion of Molecular" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 2

Matter is made of molecules

Substances have different _______ when they are in different states. The volume of most substances changes when they change from liquid to solid. When the state of a substance changes, the volume changes, mainly because the molecules that make up the substance change on ___________.

In solid substances, the forces between molecules are relatively ______, and their arrangements are relatively _____

Comparison of forces between gas molecules______Comparison of arrangements between molecules______

The diameter of a molecule is only about 10-10m, so the number of molecules in an object is huge. Modern large computers can calculate 10 billion (1010) times per second. If people could count at that speed, it would take more than 80 years for a person to finish counting the molecules in 1cm3 of air!

Summary and reflection one

You observed:

1. The color in the air bottle becomes darker

2. The color of the nitrogen dioxide bottle becomes lighter

Discussion: What does the darker color in the air bottle mean? What does the lighter color in the nitrogen dioxide bottle mean?

Your conclusion: Gas molecules are constantly moving

Observation and Thinking 2

You observed:

1. The interface becomes blurred

2. The color of the water becomes darker

Discussion: What does the blurring of the interface mean? What does the darker color of the water mean?

Your conclusion: Liquid molecules are constantly moving

induction

Solids, liquids, and gases all have this phenomenon:

When different substances come into contact with each other, they will enter each other. In physics, this phenomenon is called diffusion.

What does the phenomenon of diffusion indicate?

The molecules of all objects are constantly moving irregularly

summary

Diffusion occurs in solids, liquids, and gases.

The phenomenon of diffusion illustrates that the molecules of all objects are constantly moving irregularly.

Since the motion of molecules is related to temperature, this irregular motion is called thermal motion of molecules.

The higher the temperature, the more violent the random motion of molecules.

think for a while

Why does it take a long time to pickle pickles before they become salty? And when cooking, the vegetables become salty in a short period of time?

Doubt: Since molecules are constantly moving, why do the molecules in solids and liquids not fly apart, but always come together to maintain a certain volume?

For example:

①Why don’t the molecules spread out like sand?

②Why is the iron wire not easy to break?

③Why is it difficult for stones to compress?

4. Summary

1. Matter is composed of molecules.

2. The molecules of all objects are constantly moving irregularly (molecular thermal motion)

3. There are both attraction and repulsion forces that interact between molecules, and both are indispensable.

5. Use your brain to learn physics

1. Drugs "destroy oneself, bring harm to the family, and endanger society." my country adopts the anti-drug policy of "banning planting, banning trafficking, banning, and banning smoking".

How can a trained police dog detect heroin, ecstasy and other drugs contained in passengers' suitcases?

2. Writing chalk on the blackboard and sticking things with glue are all because of the main role of _________ between molecules

3. In the fruit shop, you can smell the fragrance of fruits. This is a ______ phenomenon

4. When two small drops of mercury come together, they become a large drop of mercury. This shows that there is a ______ force between the mercury molecules. Mercury should not be compressed, which shows that there is a ______ force between the molecules. After placing duck eggs in salt water for a period of time, the duck eggs become salty. This is a ______ phenomenon.

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For more information about the "Heat and Energy Thermal Movement of Molecules" PPT courseware, please click the "Heat and Energy ppt Thermal Movement of Molecules ppt" tab.

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"Thermal Motion of Molecular" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 3:

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Update Time: 2024-07-05

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