"Current and Circuit" PPT Courseware 6

Description

"Current and Circuit" PPT Courseware 6

Observation and Experimentation

Take the same electroscopes A and B. According to the picture, you can judge that electroscope A_______ and electroscope B_______ (fill in "charged or not"). Then use a metal rod to connect electroscope A and B, as shown in the figure: you can see the opening angle of the metal piece of electroscope A _______; the opening angle of the metal piece of electroscope B ___ (fill in "increase , decrease, remain unchanged”)

This experimental phenomenon shows that there is charge flowing from electroscope A to B through the metal rod, making electroscope B also charged, that is to say, the directional movement of charge in the conductor.

The directional movement of charges creates an electric current

Direction of current: The direction in which positive charges move directionally is defined as the direction of current.

Circuit composition

1. Circuit composition

The path through which current can flow composed of power supply, electrical appliances, wires, and switches is called a circuit.

2. The role of circuit components

(1) Power supply: Provide electrical energy

(2) Electrical appliances: consume electricity

(3) Wire: transmits electrical energy

(4) Switch: control circuit

Only when the circuit is closed can there be current in the circuit.

Pass, break and short circuit

path

connected circuit

There is current in the circuit, and the electrical appliances work normally.

open circuit (broken circuit)

Disconnected circuit (disconnected refers to disconnecting the switch, loose wires, burned out lights, etc.)

No current in the circuit

short circuit

Directly connect the wires to the poles of the power supply.

The circuit will have a huge current and may burn out the power supply. This situation is not allowed.

Summary: Three states of the circuit diagram:

Path: A circuit with a switch closed and connected everywhere

Break: Also called an open circuit, a disconnected switch, or a circuit that is broken somewhere.

Short circuit: A circuit that is directly connected to the two poles of the power supply without passing through electrical appliances. A short circuit will damage the power supply and wires. Divided into two types.

Circuit diagram

We use symbols to represent objects and draw the circuit as a circuit diagram.

Learn physics with hands and brain

[Observation]: What is the circuit structure of a household flashlight?

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Update Time: 2024-11-18

This template belongs to Physics courseware Lu Jiao Edition Ninth Grade Physics Volume 1 industry PPT template

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