"Internal Combustion Engine" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 3

Description

"Internal Combustion Engine" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 3

The steam engine brought a revolution! The first industrial revolution!

Hot steam provides us with powerful thrust, liberating people from heavy manual labor.

The world's first steam engine was a steam ball invented by the ancient Greek mathematician Hero in the 1st century, but it was nothing more than a toy.

Inspired by his predecessors, Watt made a series of major improvements to the steam engine, which were widely used in industry. He ushered in a new era of energy utilization for mankind and marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

In fact, Watt invented the steam engine by observing the water in the kettle boiling and pushing the lid. It was a well-intentioned fabrication.

think about it

What can be used to replace high temperature and high pressure water vapor? That way, the boiler can be dispensed with!

Classification of internal combustion engines

Internal combustion engines are divided into two categories: gasoline engines and diesel engines

Those that use gasoline as fuel are called gasoline engines.

A diesel engine that uses diesel as fuel is called a diesel engine.

1. Principle of heat engine

As shown in the picture, put some water in a test tube, plug it with a rubber stopper, and heat it to boil the water. What will happen?

How is energy transformed during this process?

Phenomenon: the cork breaks out; "white steam" is produced at the mouth of the tube

Explanation: Water vapor does work on the cork, its internal energy decreases, its temperature drops, and the water vapor liquefies into small water droplets.

Energy conversion:

The chemical energy of the fuel is converted into internal energy - water vapor - the internal energy is converted into mechanical energy - enabling the machinery to gain power.

Application: Heat engine (machinery that converts internal energy into mechanical energy)

2. Working principle:

A few nouns:

1. A stroke: When the piston reciprocates in the cylinder, it moves from one end of the cylinder to the other end.

2. A working cycle: These four strokes are called a working cycle of the engine.

suction stroke

______Open close. The piston moves from ______ to ______, and the fuel mixture consisting of gasoline and air is sucked into the cylinder from the intake valve.

Compression stroke

Both the intake valve and the exhaust valve ______, the piston moves toward ______, the fuel mixture is compressed, ______ increases, and ______ increases the mechanical energy and converts it into ______.

power stroke

At the end of the compression stroke, _______ generates an electric spark, causing the fuel to burn violently, producing high-temperature and high-pressure gas, pushing the piston to move _______, and driving the crankshaft to rotate through the connecting rod. Internal energy is converted into _______.

practice

1. A working cycle has ___ strokes. The flywheel rotates ___ times, performs external work ___ times, and the piston reciprocates ___ times. The other strokes are completed by the inertia of the flywheel.

2. Among the four strokes of a gasoline engine, the stroke with the largest internal energy is __________. The stroke with the smallest internal energy is __________.

3. During a certain stroke of a gasoline engine, both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are closed, and the piston moves upward. This stroke is ( )

A. Suction stroke B. Compression stroke

C.Power stroke D.Exhaust stroke

4. In a four-stroke gasoline engine, the ( ) stroke converts mechanical energy into internal energy, and the power stroke converts ( ) energy into ( ) energy.

5. During a certain stroke of a gasoline engine, the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, and the piston moves downward. This stroke is ( )

A. Suction stroke B. Compression stroke

C.Power stroke D.Exhaust stroke

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Update Time: 2024-10-03

This template belongs to Physics courseware Shanghai Science Edition Ninth Grade Physics industry PPT template

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