"Series and Parallel Connections of Resistors" Exploring Circuit PPT Courseware 3

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"Series and Parallel Connections of Resistors" Exploring Circuit PPT Courseware 3

review:

Ohm's law:

1. Content: The current in a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across the conductor and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor.

2. Expression: I=U/R

3. Deformation formula: U=IR R=U/I

1. Characteristics of total resistance of series circuits

What are the rules for resistors in series circuits?

We can apply experiments and Ohm's law to study.

Derivation method:

As shown in the figure: Resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series. Let the total resistance be R. The voltages at both ends of R1 and R2 are U1 and U2 respectively. The total voltage is U and the current is I.

According to Ohm's law, we can get:

U=IR U1=IR1 U2=IR2

Because: U=U1 +U2

Therefore: IR=IR1 +IR2

Available: R＝R1＋R2

Conclusion: The total resistance of a series circuit is equal to the sum of the resistances of its parts.

2. Total resistance characteristics of parallel circuits

What are the rules for resistors in parallel circuits?

We can apply experiments and Ohm's law to study.

Reasoning method: As shown in the figure, resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel. Let the total resistance be R, the current in the main circuit be I, the currents passing through R1 and R2 are I1 and I2 respectively, and the voltage at both ends of the parallel circuit is U,

1. Total resistance characteristics of parallel circuits

The total resistance of the parallel circuit is less than the resistance of each branch, because the resistance in parallel is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor.

2. n number of R0 resistors with the same resistance value are connected in parallel, the total resistance

R=1/n R0

practice

1. There are two conductors with resistances of 10 ohms and 30 ohms respectively. After they are connected in series, the current passing through the 10 ohm resistor is 0.5 A.

Question: ①What is the power supply voltage?

②What are the voltages on the two resistors?

③What is the relationship between resistance and voltage in a series circuit?

Solution: ① R=R1+R2=10Ω+30Ω=40Ω

I=I1=0.5A

U=IR=0.5A×40Ω=20V

② U1=I1R1=0.5A×10Ω=5V

U2=I2R2=0.5A×30Ω=15V

③What is the relationship between voltage and resistance in a series circuit?

Distribute the power supply voltage according to the resistance ratio

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Update Time: 2024-09-27

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