"Scientific Inquiry: Density of Matter" Mass and Density PPT Courseware 2

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"Scientific Inquiry: Density of Matter" Mass and Density PPT Courseware 2

discuss:

1. Compared with 1 catty of iron or 1 catty of cotton, which one is heavier?

2. Which one is heavier, 1m3 of iron or 1m3 of cotton?

3. Is the necklace real gold or gold-plated?

(1) Ask questions:

Question 1: What is the relationship between the mass and volume of objects of the same material?

Question 2: What is the relationship between the mass and volume of objects of different materials?

(2) Conjectures and assumptions:

Conjecture 1: The masses of the same substance of the same volume may be equal?

Conjecture 2: Different types of substances of the same volume may have unequal masses?

(3) Make plans and design experiments:

1. Select the research object: copper block, iron block, aluminum block

2. Select equipment: pallet balance, measuring cylinder

Beaker, water, measuring cylinder, string.

1. Density: (ρ)

1 Definition: The mass per unit volume of a substance is called the density of the substance

2. Formula: density = mass/volume ρ = m/v

3.Unit:

The SI unit of density: kg/m3 pronounced as: kilogram per cubic meter;

Common units of density: g/cm3 pronounced as: grams per cubic centimeter meter;

(1)7.9 g/cm3=7.9×103�/m3

(2)2.7 g/cm3=2.7×103�/m3

(3)1.0g/cm3=1.0×103�/m3

4. Density is a characteristic of matter:

Although objects have different shapes and volumes, their densities are the same as long as they are made of the same material.

[Practice you]

1. A certain substance ________ is called the density of this substance. Density is a ___ property of matter. It shows that the mass of different types of substances is generally ______ when the volume is the same, and the mass of the same type of substance is _ when the volume is the same. _____.

2. The density of water is ____kg/m3, which is equal to _____g/cm3. Its physical meaning is _______ ________.

3. During the burning process of a candle, the number of remaining candles ( )

(A) Mass, volume and density all decrease

(B) Mass and volume decrease, but density remains unchanged

(C) Both mass and density remain unchanged

(D) Volume decreases and density increases

4. After a glass of water completely freezes, its ()

(A) The mass becomes smaller but the density remains unchanged.

(B) As the mass increases, the density increases

(C) The mass remains unchanged and the density becomes smaller.

(D) The mass remains unchanged and the density remains unchanged.

Summary of this lesson:

1. Definition of density: The mass of a certain substance per unit volume is called the density of the substance.

2. The formula of density:

Density = mass/volume ρ =m/v

3. The meaning of density:

It represents the mass of a certain substance per unit volume and is a characteristic of the substance.

4. There are two metal balls with exactly the same appearance, one is aluminum and the other is silver. How can you identify them without any instrument?

5. There is no measuring cylinder, only an empty bottle, a scale and water. Using these equipment, can you try to measure the density of cooking oil? If you can, tell me your solution.

Experiment 1. How to measure the density of solids (such as small stones)

Experimental steps:

1. Use the adjusted balance to measure the mass m of the stone.

2. Pour an appropriate amount of water into the measuring cylinder and measure the volume V1 of the water.

3. Put the stone into the measuring cylinder and read when the water surface reaches the scale V2

4. Density of stones:

Experiment 2. How to measure the density of liquid (such as alcohol)

Experimental steps:

1. Use the adjusted balance to measure the total mass m1 of the beaker and alcohol.

2. Pour part of the alcohol into the measuring cylinder and measure the volume V of the alcohol.

3. Use a balance to measure the mass m2 of the beaker and remaining alcohol.

4. Density of alcohol:

Class exercises

1. From the density formula ρ=m/v we can know:

A. The density of a substance is proportional to its mass;

B. The density of a substance is inversely proportional to its volume;

C. For the same substance, the ratio of its mass to volume is a constant.

D. None of the above is correct.

2. The density of aluminum is 2.7×103kg/m3, which means:

A. The density of aluminum in 1m3 is 2.7×103kg/m3;

B. The mass of aluminum in 1m3 is 2.7×103kg/m3;

C. The mass of 1m3 aluminum is 2.7×103kg.

Use a balance and measuring cylinder to measure the density of the solid.

1. Use a balance to measure the solid mass m:

2. Use a measuring cylinder to measure the volume of solids:

①Pour an appropriate amount of water into the measuring cylinder (subject to submerging the solid to be measured) and read the volume V1;

②Tie the solid with a thin wire and slowly put it into the measuring cylinder, and read the total volume V2 of the water and the solid to be measured at this time;

③Use V=V2-V1 to obtain the volume of the solid to be measured.

3. Find the density of the stone ρ=m/(v2-v1)

2.Measure the density of copper sulfate solution

(1) Put copper sulfate solutions in glasses and weigh their masses.

(2) Pour a portion of the copper sulfate solution in the glass into the graduated cylinder, and record the volume of salt water in the graduated cylinder.

(3) Weigh the glass and the mass of the copper sulfate solution remaining in the cup.

[Exchange and Cooperation]:

1. Do objects of different materials have the same ratio of mass to volume?

Objects of different materials have different mass-to-volume ratios

2. The following are the relationship between the mass and volume of a copper block, an iron block, and an aluminum block. Which straight line is copper?

Comparing their masses with the same volume, the one with the largest mass is copper.

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Update Time: 2024-07-03

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