"Elastic Force and Spring Dynamometer" Familiar and Unfamiliar Force PPT Courseware 2

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"Elastic Force and Spring Dynamometer" Familiar and Unfamiliar Force PPT Courseware 2

Do it

Pull the spring, rubber band and squeeze the plasticine and balloon with force; bend the copper wire; after letting go, is there any difference in the result?

think about it

What other objects in our lives have similar properties to rubber bands or plasticine?

Which ones are similar to rubber bands (or plasticine)?

For example: ruler, eraser, white paper, hacksaw blade, mud, flour dough, skin...

Did you find their common characteristics? Try to summarize.

Similar to rubber bands: ruler, eraser, hacksaw blade, skin

Similar to plasticine: white paper, flour dough, mud

elastic deformation

The characteristic that an object deforms when a force is applied and can return to its original shape after the external force is removed. Such as rubber bands, springs, etc.

The characteristic that an object deforms when a force is applied and cannot automatically return to its original shape after the external force is removed. Such as plasticine, etc. Elastic deformation cannot occur.

1. Elasticity

Elastic force is the force exerted by an elastically deformed object on objects in direct contact with it due to its return to its original shape.

For example, the pressure, support force, push force, and rope tension we often talk about are essentially elastic forces.

Unit of elastic force: Newton (N)

Which of the following statements about elasticity is correct ( )

A. As long as the object deforms, elasticity can be generated

B. As long as two objects are in contact, elastic force will be generated.

C. Only springs can generate elastic force

D. Only objects that are in contact with each other and undergo elastic deformation can produce elastic force.

2. Observe the spring dynamometer

1. The function of spring dynamometer

It is a tool for measuring the magnitude of force

2. Structure of spring dynamometer

3. Use of spring dynamometer

(1) "Three clear sights": Check clearly whether the range, graduation value and pointer of the dynamometer are aligned with the zero mark. If not, they should be adjusted to zero.

(2) The size of the force being measured cannot exceed the measuring range.

(3) Clarify the graduation value: Understand the scale of the spring dynamometer. Each large grid represents how many cows, and each small grid represents how many cows (graduation value).

(4) When measuring, the force direction of the spring dynamometer should be along the axis of the spring.

(5) When reading, the line of sight must be perpendicular to the scale surface.

4. Principle of spring dynamometer

Within the elastic limit, the greater the tension on the spring, the longer the spring elongates.

Classroom exercises:

1. When trampoline athletes compete, they often rely on the ______ produced by the deformation of the trampoline, allowing the athletes to jump higher and stretch their bodies to make graceful movements.

2. The most commonly used tool for measuring force in the laboratory is ________

3. The spring dynamometer is made by utilizing the properties of _________. The scale of the spring dynamometer is ______ (fill in "uniform" or "uneven").

4. When using a spring dynamometer, you must first make the dynamometer's indication equal to zero. This process is called ____. When measuring, the elongation direction of the spring and the direction of tension must be ______.

5. As shown in the figure, the measuring range of the spring dynamometer is ______N. The graduation value is ______N; the weight of the measured object shown by the pointer is ______N.

summary:

①Main structure: spring, dial, pointer.

②Measurement principle: When the spring is stretched within a certain range, the greater the tension on the spring, the greater the elongation of the spring.

③Correct usage:

a. Understand the measuring range (range) of the spring dynamometer, and do not measure force beyond its range;

b. Clear the graduation value: Understand the scale of the spring dynamometer. Each large square represents how many cattle, and each small square represents how many cattle;

c. Zero calibration: Before measuring force, the pointer should be aligned with the zero scale line. If there is a deviation, adjust it until the two are aligned;

d. When measuring force, the axis direction of the spring in the dynamometer should be consistent with the direction of the force being measured, and the spring should not be close to the dial.

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Update Time: 2024-11-20

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