"Scientific Exploration: Pressure of Liquids" Pressure PPT courseware

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"Scientific Exploration: Pressure of Liquids" Pressure PPT courseware

Experimental exploration: the pressure of liquid on container

1. Take a plastic tube with both ends open, tie a layer of rubber film on the lower end, and then pour water from the upper end. What will happen to the rubber film?

The rubber membrane is bulging

2. Continue to add water. As the depth of the water increases, what will happen to the rubber membrane at the lower end?

As the depth of the water increases, the rubber membrane at the lower end continues to bulge downwards

Think: Why did this change happen?

The liquid is affected by gravity and exerts pressure on the bottom of the container (theoretical derivation).

The pressure of the liquid on the bottom of the container: increases with depth and is related to the density of the liquid

Activity: Get to know the U-shaped pressure gauge

Use your fingers to lightly press the rubber film at the mouth of the plastic box and observe the liquid level in the U-shaped tube. What phenomenon occurs?

Phenomenon: There is a height difference in the liquid level in the U-shaped tube.

Press the rubber film with your finger with a little force and observe the U-shaped tube. What phenomena will occur? What does this phenomenon indicate?

Phenomenon: In the U-shaped tube, the liquid level height difference increases.

Conclusion: The greater the pressure on the rubber membrane

The height difference of the liquid level in the U-shaped tube is also larger.

Activity: Study the internal pressure of liquids

(1) When the plastic box with rubber film connected to the pressure gauge is put into the water, a liquid level difference appears in the U-shaped tube. What does it mean?

Conclusion: There is pressure inside the liquid.

(2) If the rubber membrane faces different directions, is there still a height difference between the liquid levels in the two U-shaped tubes? What does it mean?

Conclusion: There is pressure inside the liquid in all directions.

(3) If the rubber membrane is placed in the same liquid and kept at the same depth but facing different directions, is the height difference of the liquid level in the pressure gauge equal? What problem does it explain?

(4) When the rubber membrane is in the same liquid but at different depths, what happens to the liquid level difference in the U-shaped tube? What else does it mean?

(5) Is the height difference between the liquid levels of the two U-shaped tubes used for experiments with water and salt water the same at the same depth? What problem does it illustrate?

Liquid internal pressure characteristics

Through experiments 1, 2, and 3, we can get that: at the same depth in the same liquid, the liquid has pressure in all directions, and the pressures are all equal.

Through experiments 1, 4, and 5, we can get that: in the same liquid, the pressure increases with depth.

Through experiments 5 and 6, it can be obtained that at the same depth, the pressure inside the liquid increases as the density of the liquid increases. The pressure inside a liquid is related to the density of the liquid

There are ____ in all directions inside the liquid, and the pressure in all directions at the same depth is ____; the pressure inside the liquid is related to ____, as the depth increases, the pressure ____; the pressure inside different liquids is related to the ____ of the liquid, The greater the density, the pressure ____.

practise

1. A cube is suspended in a certain liquid. The upper surface is parallel to the liquid surface. Then the liquid pressure on the upper and lower surfaces is P up _____ P down. The liquid pressure on the left and right surfaces is P left _____ P right.

2. A rubber membrane is tied at the lower end of a glass tube that is open at both ends. As shown in the picture, when you press it into the water so that the rubber membrane is 10cm below the water surface, the rubber membrane _____; when 10cm of water is injected into the tube, the rubber membrane _____; when 10cm of salt water is injected into the tube, the rubber membrane _ ____; When 10cm of alcohol is injected into the tube, the rubber membrane _____ (fill in “convex”, “concave” or “horizontal”)

3． Use the characteristics of liquid pressure to explain the following phenomena:

(1) Reservoir dams are always narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

(2) Depth charges will automatically explode when they reach a certain depth.

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Update Time: 2024-08-01

This template belongs to Physics courseware Shanghai Science Edition 8th Grade Physics industry PPT template

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