"Scientific Exploration: Pressure of Liquids" Pressure PPT Courseware 3

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"Scientific Exploration: Pressure of Liquids" Pressure PPT Courseware 3

If a wooden block placed on a horizontal tabletop exerts pressure on the tabletop, will the water in the loading cup exert pressure on the bottom of the cup? Will the water exert pressure on the wall of the cup?

1. The liquid exerts pressure on the bottom and side walls of the container

Is there pressure inside the liquid? What are the rules for pressure inside liquids? How to measure the pressure inside a liquid?

Question 1: Observe the difference in the urgency and distance of water spraying? Please analyze and explain the reasons.

Question 2: Why is the dam narrow at the top and wide at the bottom?

Question 3: We often see people diving into the sea to see the beautiful underwater world on TV or in movies. While we see various novel scenery under the sea on TV, we also see divers wearing different suits at different depths. Wetsuit, why?

There is a liquid with density ρ in a container. How to calculate the pressure p of the liquid at depth h?

We can imagine a liquid column in the liquid: Suppose there is a cylindrical water column with a base area S and a height h in the water. There is a thin sheet at the bottom of the column. How to find the pressure of this water column on the thin sheet?

P＝Ｆ／Ｓ

＝Ｇ／Ｓ

=ρ liquid gV/S

=ρ liquid gSh/S=ρ liquid g h

Notice:

In the liquid pressure calculation formula p =ρgh:

p is the pressure h deep inside the liquid, the unit is Pa;

ρ is the density of the liquid, the unit is �/m3;

h is the depth, which refers to the distance from the research point to the liquid surface, not the height, and the unit is m.

The pressure at a certain depth inside a liquid is only related to the ________ of the liquid and the _________ of the liquid;

It has nothing to do with stress area, mass, gravity, volume and other factors.

example

It is known that there are two kerosene columns A and B. The area of ​​the bottom of A is 1cm2 and the height is 20cm; the area of ​​the bottom of B is 9cm2 and the height is 20cm. Calculate the pressure and pressure generated by the two kerosene columns on the bottom surface.

Solution: P A = ρ kerosene g h A

=800kg/m3×10N/kg×0.2m=1600Pa

Because h B = h A, so P B = P A = 1600Pa

F A=P A S A=1600Pa×0.0001m2=0.16N

F B=P B S B=1600Pa×0.0009m2=1.44N

Why is the liquid level in the connector always flat?

In the connector, it is assumed that there is a "liquid sheet AB" in the connected part of the container.

When the liquid in the container is stationary, this "liquid sheet" is also stationary. Explain “The pressure on both sides of the liquid sheet is _______, and the pressure is also _______.

According to the pressure formula of liquid, can you explain that the liquid level height of the liquid in the left and right tubes must be the same?

Must be the same liquid

summary

1. Because the liquid is affected by _____, it also exerts pressure on the object that supports it. The liquid not only has pressure on the _____ and _____ of the container, but also has pressure on the _______. We can measure the pressure inside a liquid using _____.

2. The pressure inside the liquid is __________; the pressure inside the liquid increases ______ with the depth; in ______, the pressure of the liquid is equal in all directions.

3. The pressure of a liquid is also related to the density of the liquid. When the depth is the same, the greater the density of the liquid, the greater the pressure _____.

4. The connector is a container with an upper end _______ and a lower part _______. Only when _______ liquid is injected into the connector, and when the liquid ______, will the liquid levels in each container remain level.

Class exercises

1. Insert the glass tube with a rubber film on one end into the water, as shown in the figure. During the gradual insertion, the rubber film will ( )

A. gradually convex

B． Gradually convex

C. constant

D． Hard to judge

Analysis: Since there is pressure in all directions inside the liquid, when the glass tube is inserted into the water, the lower end of the rubber membrane should be subject to upward pressure, and the further downward, the greater the pressure.

2. There is 120g of water in the cup, and the water depth is 10cm. When the area of ​​the bottom of the cup is 10cm2, what is the pressure on the bottom of the cup? What is the pressure on the bottom of the cup?

Solution: P = ρ liquid gh depth

=ρ水ghdepth

=1.0×103kg/m3×10N/kg×0.1m

=1000Pa

F=PS=1000Pa×10-4m2=1N

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Update Time: 2024-07-22

This template belongs to Physics courseware Shanghai Science Edition 8th Grade Physics industry PPT template

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