| Category | Format | Size |
|---|---|---|
| Shanghai Science Edition 8th Grade Physics | pptx | 6 MB |
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 3
Description
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 3
composition of matter
What is matter made of?
Ancient Greece: "Four Elements Theory" - Everything in the universe is composed of water, fire, earth, and air
China: "Five Elements Theory" - everything in the universe is composed of metal, wood, water, fire and earth
Later, people realized that if matter is divided indefinitely, the resulting particles will become smaller and smaller until such particles can maintain their chemical properties unchanged. The matter commonly referred to is composed of such particles.
In 1811, Italian physicist Avogadro was the first to name this particle "molecule".
Exchange and discussion:
Dry fields crack into clods of soil. The clods of soil can be broken into fine mud, and the fine mud can be broken into sand and dust. Can the sand and dust continue to split? Will the sand and dust blow in the wind and disappear without a trace?
1. Matter is composed of molecules or atoms.
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Hydrogen molecule is the smallest molecule, its size is equivalent to one hundred thousandth of the diameter of a hair, and its mass is only about 10-27kg.
DNA molecules, the basic building blocks of life, each contain millions of atoms. 1cm3 of water contains 3.34×1022 water molecules, and the mass of one water molecule is only 3×10-26kg.
microscopic particles
Molecules are made of atoms
Some molecules are composed of a single atom, which are called "monoatomic molecules"; the vast majority of molecules are composed of multiple atoms, which are called "polyatomic molecules";
In 1897, British physicist Thomson discovered the electron, which was the first "elementary particle" discovered.
In 1909, Rutherford proposed a nuclear structure model through experiments.
Rutherford discovered the proton in 1914.
Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.
2. Microscopic particles
1. Molecules are made of atoms.
2. Atoms are composed of negatively charged electrons and positively charged nuclei.
3. The nucleus is composed of uncharged neutrons and positively charged protons.
4. Both protons and neutrons are composed of quarks.
In the 1960s, scientists discovered that protons and neutrons are composed of smaller particles called quarks.
(a) The proton is composed of two up quarks and one down quark
(b) The proton is composed of two up quarks and one down quark
Class summary
1. Matter is composed of molecules and atoms.
2. The nuclear structure of the atom.
3． Humanity's understanding of the natural world is endless, and exploration never stops.
Operation:
If there are 2.7×1019 air molecules in a 1cm3 small box, please use a calculator to calculate it. If a small hole is opened in the small box, and the small hole is controlled to release the molecules in the box at a rate of 100 million per second, How many years will it take to release it?
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For more information about the PPT courseware "Small Particles and the Big Universe Go into the Microcosm", please click the "Small Particles and the Big Universe ppt goes into the Microcosm" tab.
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 4:
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 4 Learning Objectives 1. Know that the universe is composed of matter, and matter is composed of molecules and atoms 2. Preliminarily understand the nuclear model of atoms 3. Learn about the material world from microscopic to Macroscopic scale has a rough concept of orders of magnitude.
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 2:
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 2 Composition of Matter What is matter composed of? The Greeks believed that everything in the universe is composed of water, fire, earth, and air, which are called the theory of the four elements. Our ancestors believed that everything in the universe is composed of gold, wood, water, fire, and earth, which are called...
"Into the Microcosm" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT courseware:
"Into the Microcosm" PPT courseware of small particles and the large universe. From the infinite universe to tiny particles, matter appears in various forms. From the microscopic world to the infinite universe, there are various kinds of matter. What is matter composed of? ... ... ... U.K..
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Update Time: 2024-07-06
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