"Exploration-Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" Mechanical energy, internal energy and their conversion PPT courseware 2

Description

"Exploration-Specific Heat Capacity of Matter" Mechanical energy, internal energy and their conversion PPT courseware 2

Introduction of new courses

We already know:

The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2×103J/(kg·℃)

The meaning is: the heat absorbed (or released) when the temperature of 1kg water increases (or decreases) by 1℃ is 4.2×103J

Can you tell me: The heat absorbed by 2kg of water when its temperature rises by 1℃ is ___J.

Can you tell me: The heat absorbed by 2kg of water when its temperature rises by 10°C is __________J.

The amount of heat absorbed or released during heat transfer

Experiments show that when an object absorbs or releases heat, the greater the object's mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change, the more heat the object absorbs or releases.

During the heat transfer process, when the temperature of the object rises, the heat absorbed is:

Q suction=cm (t - t0)

During the heat transfer process, when the temperature of the object decreases, the heat released is:

Q put=cm (t0 - t)

If the change in temperature before and after heating is expressed by Δt, then:

Q suction=cmΔt Q release=cmΔt

Practice in class

1. Which statement about specific heat capacity is correct ( )

A. The specific heat capacity of an object is related to the heat absorbed and released by the object.

B. The specific heat capacity of an object is related to the temperature of the object

C. The specific heat capacity of an object is related to the mass of the object

D. The specific heat capacity of an object is an attribute of the object and has nothing to do with temperature or mass.

2. (08 Taizhou) Use two identical heaters to heat two liquids A and B with equal masses. The temperature changes with time as shown in the figure. It can be seen from the graph ( )

A. The specific heat capacity of A is greater than that of B

B. The specific heat capacity of A is smaller than that of B

C. The specific heat capacities of A and B are the same

D. Initially the specific heat capacities of A and B are zero.

3. Choose the car’s coolant from liquids A and B. Liquid ( ) should be selected.

4.Immerse the iron ball, aluminum ball and copper ball with the same mass and initial temperature into the boiling water at the same time. After a period of time, the three balls ( )

A. The heat absorbed is the same

B. The rising temperature is the same

C. The increased internal energy is the same

D. All the above statements are correct

5. Place copper, iron, and aluminum blocks of the same mass in boiling water for a long time, take them out, and quickly place them on ice cubes at 0°C (the ice cubes are large enough). The ice cube that can melt the most is (C Aluminum>C iron>C copper) ( )

A. Copper block B. Aluminum block C. Iron block D. The same amount

8. When a household uses a water heater to boil water and raises 50kg of water from 20℃ to 50℃, _________J heat must be absorbed.

[cwater=4.2×103J/(kg·℃)]

Known: m=50kg, cwater=4.2×103J/(kg·℃)

t0＝20℃，t＝50℃

Request: Q suck

Solution: Q absorbs = c water m (t-t0)

＝4.2×103J/(kg·℃)×50kg×(50℃-20℃)

= 6.3×106J

9. Xiao Ming draws the following conclusions from the information provided in the table, the wrong one is ( )

A. It is effective to use water to cool car engines

B. The specific heat capacity of liquids is greater than that of solids

C. The same substance has different specific heat capacity values ​​in different states.

D. Copper and lead have equal masses. When the temperature is raised to the same temperature, copper absorbs more heat.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Mechanical Energy Internal Energy and Its Transformation Exploring the Specific Heat Capacity of Matter", please click the Mechanical Energy Internal Energy and Its Transformation ppt Exploring the Specific Heat Capacity of Matter ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-09-29

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