"Eyes and Glasses" Common Optical Instruments PPT Courseware 4

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"Eyes and Glasses" Common Optical Instruments PPT Courseware 4

1. The structure and imaging principle of the eye

1. The structure of the eyeball

①The structure of the eyeball is similar to what we have learned before?

②What is the equivalent of the combined effect of the lens and the cornea? What is the equivalent of retina?

The light from the object is refracted by the lens and converges on the retina to form an inverted and reduced real image of the object. The optic nerve cells on the retina are stimulated by light and transmit this signal to the brain to form vision.

2. The imaging principle of the eye

The eye adjusts the thickness of the lens through the ciliary body:

When looking at distant objects - the lens becomes thinner

When looking at near objects - the lens becomes thicker

2. Causes of myopia

Causes of myopia: The lens is too thick, the refractive power is too strong, or the eyeball is too long in the front-to-back direction. Therefore, light from a distant point converges in front of the retina.

3. Causes of hyperopia

Causes of hyperopia: The lens is too thin, the refractive power is too weak, or the eyeball is too short in the front-to-back direction, so light from a nearby point converges behind the retina.

Experiment: Explore the correction of myopia and hyperopia

Think about it: After knowing the causes of myopia and hyperopia, how to correct them? How to correct it so that the image moves backward or forward relative to the retina?

practise

1. The human eye is a "magical camera". In the picture below, ______ is equivalent to the lens of the camera. It can __________ (fill in "converge" or "divergence") the light on the retina, which is equivalent to the camera. of_________.

2. The picture below is a light path diagram when someone sees a close object. From the picture, we can see that he has _____ eyes (please fill in "myopia" or "hyperopia"). If the thickness of the center of the spectacle lens he wears is 1.7mm, the thickness of the edge of the lens should be ____1.7mm (optional "greater than", "equal to" or "less than").

3. After the light is refracted by the lens of the eyeball, it can be imaged on the retina. The picture on the right is a normal eyeball imaging model designed by Xiaoliang. The following description is correct ( )

A. The convex lens is equivalent to the retina B. Candles are equivalent to lenses

C. A convex lens is equivalent to a lens D. The light screen is equivalent to the lens

Class exercise 1

1. The imaging principle of the eye is similar to that of _______. Its cornea, pupil, lens and vitreous body work together to act as _______, and objects form ___________ images on its ______.

2. When the eyes change from looking at distant objects to looking at nearby objects, the object distance is ____, the ciliary muscle will cause the lens to change to _____, and the focal length will change to ____, so that the human eye can see the object clearly.

Class Exercise 2

3. Myopia can only see ____ objects clearly, but not ___ objects clearly; distant objects are imaged on the retina in myopia eyes ____; myopia glasses are _______.

4. Hyperopia can only see ____ objects clearly, but not ___ objects clearly; near objects are imaged on the retina in hyperopia eyes ____; hyperopia glasses are _______.

Class exercise 3

5. The clear vision distance of normal eyes is ______. Objects within this distance can be observed most clearly without eye fatigue.

1. If a beam of light from a distant point is refracted by the cornea and lens and the image formed falls on the retina (fill in "front" and "back") ______, this is myopia. The correction method is to wear a pair of glasses made of _____ lenses.

2. Teacher Gao was correcting homework while wearing glasses. She heard a student calling her from a distance. In order to see the student clearly, Teacher Gao immediately took off her glasses and greeted the student. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

Teacher A Gao is short-sighted

When Teacher B Gao looks at nearby objects without wearing glasses, the image appears in front of the retina.

Teacher C Gao’s eyeballs have too long anteroposterior diameter or the lens is too thick

The lenses of the glasses worn by Teacher D Gao are convex lenses

3. We know that the fish eye lens is much thicker than the human eye, so it appears particularly convex. If a mermaid lands on the shore, can she see the objects on the shore clearly? If not, can you help her solve this problem?

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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