"Nuclear Energy" Energy and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Nuclear Energy" Energy and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware 2

Background introduction

It took our country just 4 years to complete the development of the atomic bomb, and successfully exploded the first atomic bomb on October 16, 1964.

On June 17, 1967, the first hydrogen bomb was successfully exploded, completing a task that took other countries more than ten or decades to complete.

1. Nuclear energy

1. Atomic structure

Take the water molecule, for example: it consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.

Atoms are composed of a nucleus and electrons outside the nucleus.

(1) A hydrogen atom consists of a nucleus and an extranuclear electron.

The nucleus of an atom has a proton, which has a positive charge, and the electrons outside the nucleus have a negative charge. Both have the same charge.

(2) Oxygen atom consists of a nucleus and eight extranuclear electrons.

There are eight protons and eight neutrons in the nucleus. Since neutrons are uncharged, the positive and negative charges are still the same.

2. nuclear energy

Protons and neutrons are tightly bound together by the powerful nuclear force. It is extremely difficult to separate or combine them.

When the nuclei of larger masses split or the nuclei of smaller masses combine with each other, once the nuclei split or aggregate, it is possible to release astonishing energy, which is nuclear energy.

2. Fission

In 1938, scientists bombarded the relatively massive uranium-235 nucleus with neutrons, causing it to fission.

When 1 kg of uranium is completely fissioned, the energy released exceeds the energy released when 2000 tons of coal is completely burned.

1. conditions for fission to occur

When neutrons are used to bombard uranium nuclei, the uranium nuclei can undergo fission and release energy.

When external neutron bombardment stops, fission stops. How can we allow fission to continue?

2. chain reaction

Want to discuss

Set the matches into the structure shown in the lower left picture. What will happen after the first match is lit?

Use neutrons to bombard uranium-235 nuclei. When the uranium nuclei split, they will release nuclear energy and produce several new neutrons, which will continue to bombard other uranium nuclei. This results in a series of uranium nuclei continuing to fission and releasing a large amount of nuclear energy. This is the chain reaction in fission.

3. Nuclear power plants use nuclear energy to generate electricity

The core equipment of a nuclear power plant is the nuclear reactor. A nuclear reactor is a place where a chain reaction of atomic nuclei occurs.

In 1942, humans used a nuclear reactor to achieve controlled uranium nuclear fission for the first time.

At present, hundreds of nuclear power plants have been built around the world, and nuclear power generation accounts for nearly 1/5 of the global power generation.

3. Fusion

Combining atomic nuclei with smaller masses also releases huge amounts of nuclear energy.

Deuterons and tritium nuclei combine at ultra-high temperatures to form helium nuclei and a neutron, which can release a large amount of nuclear energy. This process is fusion.

Fission: Scientists have discovered that when neutrons are used to bombard uranium 235 (uranium with a mass number of 235), the uranium nucleus will split into two parts of similar size. This phenomenon is called fission. When uranium nuclei fission, 2 to 3 neutrons are also released at the same time. The released neutrons can bombard other uranium nuclei, causing them to also undergo fission. In this way, fission will continue on its own. This phenomenon is called a chain reaction. application:____________.

Fusion: Scientists have discovered that energy can also be released when lighter nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei. This phenomenon is called fusion. application:_________.

Classify and explore

Humanity continues to make new progress in the development and utilization of nuclear energy. According to the current level of scientific research, which of the following statements about atomic bombs and nuclear power plants do you think is correct ( )

A. Atomic bombs use nuclear fission, and nuclear power plants use nuclear fusion.

B． Atomic bombs use nuclear fusion, and nuclear power plants use nuclear fission.

C. The atomic bomb has no control over the speed of the fusion chain reaction

D. Controlling fission chain reaction speed in nuclear power plants

[Analysis] Atomic bombs use nuclear fission, and nuclear power plants use controllable nuclear fission to slowly release nuclear energy.

In-person evaluation

1. Regarding the composition of atomic nuclei, which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. The nucleus is composed of protons and electrons

B． The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons

C. The nucleus is composed of neutrons and electrons

D. The nucleus is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons

2. Which of the following statements about nuclear energy is incorrect ( )

A. Nuclear power plants use nuclear energy to generate electricity

B． What happens in a nuclear reactor is a chain reaction

C. A leak in a nuclear power plant can cause harm to humans and living things

D. Nuclear waste does not pollute the environment

Keywords: Energy and Sustainable Development Teaching Courseware, Nuclear Energy Teaching Courseware, New People's Education Edition Ninth Grade Physics PPT Courseware, Ninth Grade Physics Slide Courseware Download, Energy and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware Download, Nuclear Energy PPT Courseware Download, .ppt format

For more information about the "Nuclear Energy and Sustainable Development" PPT courseware, please click on the "Nuclear Energy ppt Energy and Sustainable Development ppt" tab.

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Update Time: 2024-06-28

This template belongs to Physics courseware People's Education Edition Ninth Grade Physics Complete Book industry PPT template

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