"Conversion and Conservation of Energy" Utilization of Internal Energy PPT Teaching Courseware

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"Conversion and Conservation of Energy" Utilization of Internal Energy PPT Teaching Courseware

Part One Content: A Classification Practice of Knowledge Key Points

Knowledge point 1: Conversion and transfer of energy

1. Indicate the transformation forms of energy in the following phenomena.

(1) The electric motor drives the water pump to pump water: _______________________________.

(2) The car suddenly brakes and stops: ____________________________.

(3) Plants perform photosynthesis: ____________________________.

(4) Light firewood to boil water: _______________________________.

(5) After the water in the pot is boiled, the water vapor will lift the lid: ____________________________.

(6) Generator generates electricity: ____________________.

(7) Incandescent lamp glows: ____________________________.

(8) Charge the mobile phone: _______________________.

2. Among the electrical appliances shown in Figure 14-3-1, the ones that mainly convert electrical energy into mechanical energy during operation are ()

3. Among the following examples, the one that belongs to energy transfer is ()

A. Rub your hands together until your palms feel warm

B． After the water boils, the lid of the pot is lifted up by the steam

C. Blow into the palms of your hands with your mouth to make them warm

D. Meteors rub against the air and produce heat and light

4. The following battery’s energy conversion form is different from the other three when it is working ()

5. Which of the following descriptions of energy transformation is incorrect ()

A. Generator work: mechanical energy → electrical energy

B． Battery discharge: electrical energy → chemical energy

C. Fireflies glow: biomass energy → light energy

D. Internal combustion engine work: chemical energy → internal energy → mechanical energy

Knowledge point 2 Law of conservation of energy

6. The law of conservation of energy: Energy will neither _________ nor _________ out of thin air. It will only _________ from one form to other forms, or from one object ________ to other objects, and in the process of transformation and transfer During the process, the total amount of energy remains unchanged.

7. In the phenomenon of frictional heat generation, mechanical energy is converted into ________; in the phenomenon of gas expansion and work, internal energy is converted into __________; in the process of heat transfer, the internal energy of high-temperature objects is ________, the internal energy of low-temperature objects is ________, and the internal energy of low-temperature objects is ________. It can _________ from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object, and the total energy is ____________.

8. Regarding the law of conservation of energy, which of the following statements is incorrect ()

A. The law of conservation of energy only applies to the mutual conversion of mechanical energy and internal energy

B． As long as there is conversion and transfer of energy, the law of conservation of energy must be followed.

C. The law of conservation of energy is a powerful weapon for people to understand and utilize nature

D. In the process of converting any form of energy into other forms of energy, how much energy of one form is consumed will lead to how much other forms of energy can be obtained, while the total amount of energy remains unchanged

9. "Perpetual motion machine" has not been successfully created so far. The reason is ()

A. Science and technology are not advanced enough

B． The machine cannot output energy to the outside world

C. Violates the law of conservation of energy

D. Machines can only transfer energy, not convert it

Energy transformation and conservation PPT, part 2 content: Comprehensive practice of B law method

10. Shown in Figure 14-3-3 is the "wind and solar complementary" landscape lighting used in Dezhou Development Zone. It has a small fan on its head, a photovoltaic panel on its shoulders, a lighting lamp on its waist, and a battery on its feet. The following explanation is reasonable ()

A. Photovoltaic panels convert electrical energy into light energy

B． Lighting lamps convert internal energy into electrical energy

C. Small fans use wind power to generate electricity, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

D. The battery discharges at night, converting electrical energy into chemical energy

11． After the electric fan is powered on, the fan blades rotate, and after a period of time, the temperature of the motor housing increases. Which of the following statements about energy conversion and conservation is correct ()

A. All electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy, and the total energy is conserved

B． Part of the electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy, and the other part is converted into internal energy. The total energy is conserved.

C. All electrical energy is converted into internal energy, and the total energy is conserved

D. Electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy and internal energy, and mechanical energy is conserved

12. As shown in Figure 14-3-4, the ball is released from rest at point A and swings to the right. Point B is the lowest point where the ball swings, point C is the highest point where the ball swings to the right, and the vertical distance from points A and C to point B is hA>hC. As the ball swings from point B to point C, which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The ball’s motion remains unchanged

B． The total amount of mechanical energy of the ball gradually becomes smaller

C. The tension of the rope does work on the ball

D. All the kinetic energy of the ball is converted into gravitational potential energy

13. Figure 14-3-5 shows a "perpetual motion machine" in a science and technology museum. It consists of 5 light rods and rotating shafts. The ends of the light rods are equipped with blades made of shape memory alloy. After entering the hot water, the The blades stretch and "stroke" to rotate, and the shape memory alloy quickly recovers after leaving the hot water. Regarding this "perpetual motion machine", which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. The development of science and technology has created a "perpetual motion machine"

B． Turning causes the water temperature to rise higher

C. Memory alloy is a new type of compound

D. The internal energy of water is converted into the mechanical energy of the wheel

14. In January 2017, Beijing held a delivery ceremony for a full range of sanitation electric vehicles. The vehicles applied a number of new technologies such as iron batteries and DC AC inverters. During the discharge process of the iron batteries, ________ energy is converted into ________ energy. The motor used in electric sanitation vehicles converts ________ energy into mechanical energy when working

15． Figure 14-3-6 shows a stroboscopic photo of a small ball falling from a height, hitting the ground and bouncing back.

(1)The information you can get from photos is:

①____________________________________________;

②_______________________________________________;

③_______________________________________________.

(2) During the entire continuous rebound process, the mechanical energy of the ball is ________ (optional "conservation" or "non-conservation").

16． As shown in Figure 14-3-7, it is an entertainment activity for children to play on the slide.

(1) If friction and air resistance are not taken into account, the child's mechanical energy is _____ during the sliding process.

(2) If a child slides down a slide at a constant speed, her mechanical energy ________ during this process.

(3) If a child feels a burning sensation in his buttocks when going up and down the slide, during this process, ________ energy is converted into ________ energy.

(4) According to the law of conservation of energy, the child has 1400 J of mechanical energy when he starts sliding down, and when he reaches the midpoint, he only has 1150 J of mechanical energy left. Assuming that the friction force received by the child remains unchanged, then when he slides to the bottom of the slide, he The kinetic energy is ________J; the whole process has ________J mechanical energy converted into internal energy.

Energy transformation and conservation PPT, the third part: Practical practice of C high-frequency examination questions

17． [2017·Heilongjiang]Among the following statements about energy conversion and transfer phenomena, which one is correct ()

A. When the battery is charged, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy

B． When the thermos stopper jumps, mechanical energy is converted into internal energy

C. When using a hot water bottle to keep warm, internal energy is transferred

D. When the motor works, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy

18. [2017·Jinan](1) Galileo believed that if the inclined plane shown in Figure 14-3-8 is smooth, then when the ball moves downward from a certain height on the left, regardless of the Regardless of the slope of the side slope, the ball will rise along the slope to the same height. This is because the total energy of the ball during this movement is ________.

(2) As we all know, internal energy will be transferred from an object with a high temperature to an object with a low temperature, but it is impossible to automatically transfer from an object with a low temperature to an object with a high temperature; due to friction, there will always be some mechanical energy converted into internal energy and lost. into the air, but the internal energy lost into the air cannot be automatically converted into mechanical energy again. This is because the transformation or transfer of energy has ________.

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