"Newton's First Law" Motion and Force PPT

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"Newton's First Law" Motion and Force PPT

Part One Content: Basic Knowledge Key Points

Knowledge point 1: The effect of resistance on the movement of objects

1. The movement of an object does not require (optional "need" or "no") force to maintain. The reason why a moving object stops is because it encounters resistance.

2. As shown in the picture, it is an experiment to "explore the influence of resistance on the movement of objects". Which of the following statements is correct (D)

A. During the experiment, the car can start sliding down from any position on the slope.

B. The moving car in the experiment will stop, indicating that the movement of the object requires force to maintain

C. In the experiment, the car encountered the least resistance when moving on the towel surface.

D. Experiments show that the smaller the resistance the car receives, the farther it moves

Knowledge point 2 Newton’s first law

3. As shown in the figure, the electric lamp hanging in the classroom is in a stationary state. If all the external forces it receives suddenly disappear, it will (D)

A. Falling at an accelerated speed B. Falling at a constant speed

C. Slow down and fall D. Stay still

4. Regarding Newton’s first law, which of the following views is correct (C)

A. Experiments to verify Newton's first law can be done, so Newton's first law is correct.

B. The experiment to verify Newton's first law cannot be done, so Newton's first law cannot be definitely correct.

C. The experiment to verify Newton's first law cannot be done, but it can be obtained through further scientific reasoning based on empirical facts.

D. None of the above statements are correct

Knowledge point 3: Inertia

5. On the way home from school, Xiao Liang noticed that an overloaded truck full of cinders was passing by. The cinders did not fall on the straight road, but a large amount of cinders fell on the corners of the road. . This is because cinders have inertia.

6. Among the four objects described below, the one with the greatest inertia is (B)

A. Sports children

B. Maglev train entering the station slowly

C. Galloping cheetah

D. Floating hydrogen balloon

7. Which of the following traffic prompts has nothing to do with inertia (D)

A. When the vehicle turns, please sit still and hold on.

B. The road is slippery on rainy days, please slow down and drive slowly

C. Pay attention to safety, please keep distance between cars

D. Obey traffic regulations and please drive on the right

Newton's First Law PPT, Part 2: Improvement of Comprehensive Ability

8. Xiao Tao and Xiao Tang weigh 50 kg and 40 kg respectively. They run a 100-meter race together. Xiao Tang runs faster than Xiao Tao, and Xiao Tang's inertia is smaller than Xiao Tao's (optional "big" or " Xiaotang jumped up happily after winning the competition. During the jump, if Xiaotang suddenly did not receive any external force, he would move in a straight line at a constant speed.

9. A garbage sweeper parked on a straight road will remain stationary if all external forces on it suddenly disappear. During the process of cleaning garbage, the inertia of the vehicle will increase (optional "increase") "unchanged" or "decreased").

10. On March 4, 2018, at the men's 60-meter final of the World Indoor Track and Field Championships in Birmingham, England, Chinese flying star Su Bingtian won the silver medal and set a new record for China's sprint events. During the competition, after Su Bingtian crossed the finish line, he was unable to stop immediately due to inertia, and instead hit a protective wall in front of the finish line.

11. When exploring the effect of resistance on the motion of an object, let the car slide down from rest from the same height. The purpose is to make the car obtain the same speed when it reaches the horizontal surface.

12. Humanity’s understanding of the relationship between force and motion has gone through a long and tortuous process. The following are the main views of three scientists from different eras. The order in which these three views were formed is (C)

A.①②③ B.③①②

C.②③① D.③②①

13. Among the following phenomena, the one that utilizes inertia is (B)

A. People are prone to slipping when they step on the watermelon rind.

B. Long jump athletes run before taking off

C. For safe driving, the car cannot be overloaded

D. Ripe apples fall from the tree to the ground

14. Which of the following statements about inertia is correct (B)

A. When a bullet flying at high speed penetrates wood and stops, its inertia disappears.

B. Fighters must throw away their auxiliary fuel tanks before entering combat in order to reduce their inertia.

C. The spacecraft is in a state of complete weightlessness when flying in space. At this time, the spacecraft loses inertia.

D. Release the ball from rest. The ball falls vertically due to gravity, indicating that the ball has no inertia.

Newton's First Law PPT, Part 3: Expanding, exploring and breaking through

19. As shown in the figure, Galileo had the following steps when exploring the "relationship between motion and force":

① Reduce the inclination angle of the second inclined plane, and the ball still has to reach its original height on this inclined plane;

② Two butt inclined planes, let the ball roll down from rest along one inclined plane, and the ball will roll up the other inclined plane;

③If there is no resistance on the inclined surface, the ball will rise to the original height when it was released;

④Continue to reduce the inclination angle of the second inclined plane until it becomes a horizontal plane. The ball will continue to move along the horizontal plane at a constant speed.

(1) Among the above steps, some are reliable facts and some are scientific inferences. Classify and sort these facts and inferences. The correct one is C;

A. Fact ②→Fact ①→Inference ③→Inference ④

B. Fact ② → Inference ① → Inference ③ → Inference ④

C. Fact ② → Inference ① → Inference ④ → Inference ③

D. Fact ②→Inference ③→Inference ①→Inference ④

(2) Galileo concluded from this: If a moving object is not affected by other objects, it will continue to move at a constant speed forever, thus creating a scientific research method that combines experimentation and reasoning. However, Galileo's discussion of the "relationship between motion and force" is not as comprehensive as Newton's. The reason is that it does not take into account the situation when a stationary object is not subject to force.

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Update Time: 2024-07-13

This template belongs to Physics courseware People's Education Edition Physics for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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