"Temperature" Changes in State of Matter PPT Download

Description

"Temperature" Changes in State of Matter PPT Download

The first part: sorting out new knowledge

1. Temperature

1. Temperature is a physical quantity that represents the _________ of an object and is commonly represented by the symbol ____.

2. The human body's feeling of hot or cold degrees of objects is unreliable. In order to accurately judge the temperature of an object, ________ must be used for measurement.

2. Structure and working principle of thermometer

1. Working principle: Thermometers commonly used in homes and laboratories are made by utilizing the laws of liquid _________.

2. The basic structure of a commonly used thermometer: a ________ with a very thin and uniform inner diameter, a ________ with a temperature measuring liquid inside, a scale and a unit symbol.

3.Type

Divided by use: laboratory thermometers, body thermometers, thermometers

According to the temperature measurement liquid: mercury thermometer, alcohol thermometer, kerosene thermometer, etc.

Three degrees Celsius

1. The symbol "℃" on the thermometer represents the temperature in Celsius, and the unit of Celsius temperature is _________.

2. Celsius temperature regulations: The temperature of the ice-water mixture under standard atmospheric pressure is _______, and the temperature of boiling water is _______. Divide into 100 equal parts between 0°C and 100°C, each equal part representing 1°C.

4. Use of thermometer

1. Thermometer range and graduation value

Measuring range

The maximum ______ temperature that can be measured and the range determined by the maximum ______ temperature

Graduation value

The value represented by a small cell

2. Correct use of thermometer

before use

①Choose ________ a suitable thermometer (if the measured temperature exceeds the maximum temperature that the thermometer can measure, the thermometer may burst; if the measured temperature is lower than the minimum temperature that the thermometer can measure, the temperature will not be measured); ② See __________ clearly so that you can get an accurate reading

When measuring liquid temperature

①_______ should be completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, and should not touch the bottom or wall of the container; ②After the glass bulb is immersed in the liquid to be measured, wait for a while until the thermometer indicates _______ before reading; ③When reading, the glass bulb should be Continue to _______ the liquid, and the line of sight should be _______ with the liquid level of the liquid column in the thermometer.

5. Thermometer (common mercury thermometer)

principle

There is ______ between the glass bubble and the straight glass tube. When measuring body temperature, the mercury in the glass bubble expands as the temperature rises, and squeezes into the straight tube through the thin tube. When the thermometer leaves the human body, the mercury becomes cold and contracts, and the thin tube expands. The mercury in the tube is disconnected, and the mercury in the straight glass tube cannot return to the glass bulb, and it still indicates the temperature of the human body.

use

Before use, swing the thermometer downward to throw the mercury back into the glass bulb.

Temperature PPT, Part 2: Application Examples

Type 1 Use of Thermometer

Example 1 As shown in Figure 3-1-3, Xiaoxiang practices using a thermometer to measure water temperature. The correct operation is ()

[Analysis]According to the method of using the thermometer, it can be seen that the thermometer in Figure A touches the bottom of the container, so it is wrong. The thermometer glass bulb in Figure B is not immersed in the liquid being measured, so it is wrong. In Figure C, the line of sight of the eyes is not level with the upper surface of the liquid column, so it is wrong. The placement and reading method of the thermometer in Figure D are correct, so D is operated correctly.

[Error-prone warning]When reading the thermometer, the line of sight should be level with the liquid level of the liquid column. Looking up will make the reading smaller, and looking down will make the reading larger.

Type 2: Construction and use of thermometer

Example 2: The normal body temperature of a person is approximately ________. The measurement range of a commonly used thermometer is ________, the graduation value is ________, and the liquid inside is ________. The thermometer _________ (optional "can" or "cannot") be read away from the human body because the tube between the glass bulb and the glass tube of the thermometer is made very thin. When the mercury becomes cold and contracts, the mercury in the thin tube is disconnected. The mercury in the straight tube cannot return to the glass bubble and still displays the body temperature. Before each use, hold the thermometer and apply force

__________, throw away the mercury. As shown in Figure 3-1-4, the reading of the thermometer at this time is ________.

[Rule Summary]There is a thin tube above the glass bulb of the thermometer. After the thermometer leaves the human body, the mercury in the thin tube is disconnected and the liquid column does not fall, so that the thermometer can leave the human body and take readings.

Example 3 2018·Zaozhuang Use a normal thermometer to measure the body temperature of patient A, and the reading is 38°C. If the thermometer is used to measure the body temperature of patient B without swinging it, the reading is also 38°C. Which of the following is correct ()

A. B’s body temperature must be equal to A’s body temperature

B. B’s body temperature cannot be equal to A’s body temperature

C. B’s body temperature cannot be higher than A’s body temperature

D. B’s body temperature must be lower than A’s body temperature

[ Analysis ; When measuring B's body temperature with an unused thermometer, if B's ​​body temperature is lower than or equal to 38 ℃, the liquid column of the thermometer will not change and still indicates 38 ℃; if B's ​​body temperature is higher than 38 ℃, the liquid column will rise and indicate 38 ℃. The number is greater than 38 ℃. Therefore, when measuring B's body temperature and the reading is also 38°C, patient B's body temperature may be equal to or lower than 38°C, but cannot be higher than 38°C, so C is correct.

[Rule Summary] The thermometer must be thrown downwards before use. If the patient's temperature is measured with a thermometer that has not been thrown away, if the patient's temperature is higher than the thermometer's reading, the measurement value is accurate; if If it is low, the thermometer will display the original reading.

Temperature PPT, Part 3: Class Feedback

1. As shown in Figure 9-1, first put both hands into hot water and cold water at the same time. After a period of time, take both hands out and put them into warm water at the same time. At this time, the feeling of both hands is ________ (optional "Same" ” or “not the same”). This fact shows that judging the hot or cold degree of an object by feeling is ________(optional "reliable" or "unreliable"). In physics we use ________ to express how hot or cold an object is.

2. The Celsius temperature scale used in our country stipulates the temperature of ____________ under standard atmospheric pressure as 0 ℃, and the temperature when water boils as _____________ ℃. The correct reading of "-8 ℃" is _______________.

3． The thermometer in Figure 9-2 shows ______℃. Commonly used liquid thermometers are made based on the principle of liquid ___________.

4. Figure 9-3 is the experimental operation process of four students using thermometers to measure water temperature. The correct one is ()

5. As shown in Figure 9-4, the measuring range of this thermometer is _________℃, and the graduation value is______℃. At this time, the thermometer’s reading is _________℃. Xiao Ming's actual body temperature is 38.5°C. If his temperature is measured directly with an unused thermometer, the thermometer will read ________°C.

Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for eighth-grade physics volume 1 of the People's Education Press, download of temperature PPT, download of PPT on changes in states of matter, .PPT format;

For more information about the "Temperature Changes in State of Matter" PPT courseware, please click on the Temperature ppt Changes in State of Matter ppt tag.

"Temperature" PPT teaching courseware on changes in states of matter:

"Temperature" PPT teaching courseware on changes in the state of matter Part 1: Basic knowledge points Knowledge point 1 Temperature and thermometer 1. Temperature is a physical quantity that represents the degree of hotness and coldness of an object. Thermometers are made based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of liquids. 2. Use the same thermometer to measure 0..

"Temperature" Changes in State of Matter PPT:

"Temperature" PPT on Changes in State of Matter Part One: Preview of Perception 1. Temperature and Thermometer 1. Temperature. Represents the ______________ of an object. The temperature of a hot object is ________, and the temperature of a cold object is ________. 2. Principle of thermometer. At home and in the laboratory...

Color thermometer style PPT histogram:

These are two colorful thermometer-style PPT histograms with very personalized designs. .PPTX format;..

File Info

Update Time: 2024-10-01

This template belongs to Physics courseware People's Education Edition Physics for Grade 8, Volume 1 industry PPT template

Preview