"Acidity and Alkalinity of Matter" PPT courseware

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"Acidity and Alkalinity of Matter" PPT courseware

Part I: Ionization of some substances

1. Ion: A charged atom or group of atoms.

Positively charged ones are called cations.

Negatively charged ones are called anions.

2. Ionization: When some substances are dissolved in water or melted by heat, the process of producing freely moving ions is called ionization.

3. The expression method of ionization - ionization equation.

NaOH === Na+ + OH -

NaCl === Na+ + Cl-

H2SO4 === 2H+ +SO4-

4. The total number of charges carried by the anions and cations produced when some substances are ionized must be equal. Therefore, solutions of these substances do not exhibit electrical properties.

5. When writing the ionization equation, it is not necessary to write the conditions, but it must be balanced so that the total number of charges and the atomic groups cannot be disassembled.

PPT on the acidity and alkalinity of substances, part 2: What is acid?

Let’s talk about it: What things in life are sour?

Stomach acid, vinegar, sour plum, milk, cola, Sprite, etc.

think:

Vinegar, gastric juice, etc. are different substances. Why do they all have a sour taste?

Scientific research proves:

The acidity of a solution is due to the fact that it contains a special type of substance - acid.

Vinegar - acetic acid, gastric juice - hydrochloric acid, lemons, citrus and other fruits contain citric acid.

PPT on the acidity and alkalinity of substances, part 3: What is an alkali?

1. Alkaline substances exist in immature persimmons and in household detergents; among common substances, NaOH, Ca(OH)2 and other substances are alkalis.

What exactly is an alkali?

2. ionization of base

NaOH = Na+ + OH–

KOH = K + + OH–

Ca(OH)2 = Ca+ + 2OH–

Ba(OH)2 = Ba++ 2OH–

Think: What do the ionization products have in common?

3. The meaning of base: A base is a compound in which all the anions produced during ionization are OH-.

PPT on the acidity and alkalinity of substances, part 4: acid-base indicators

1. Definition: Substances that can show different colors in acid or alkali solutions.

2. Common acid-base indicators include:

Purple litmus test solution Colorless phenolphthalein test solution

3. Acid-base indicators can qualitatively determine the acidity and alkalinity of a solution.

4. Color of common indicators in acid and alkaline solutions

PPT on the acidity and alkalinity of substances, Part 5: Homemade acid-base indicator

1. Chop and mash some flowers, fruits, branches and leaves of roses, chrysanthemums, loofahs, bunches of red and other plants, and soak them in alcohol. The resulting leachate can be used as an acid-base indicator.

2. Take salt water, white vinegar, and lime water and test them. And record the discoloration.

The acidity and alkalinity of the solution

1. pH is an indicator of the acidity and alkalinity of reacting substances. It usually ranges from 0 to 14.

2. The relationship between pH and the acidity and alkalinity of the solution.

The solution with pH<7 is acidic. The smaller the pH, the stronger the acidity.

pH=7 solution is neutral

pH>7 The solution is alkaline. The greater the pH, the stronger the alkalinity.

3. Solution pH measurement

For more accurate measurements use an acidimeter.

The most common and simplest way to measure the pH of a solution is to use pH test paper. The measurement method is: dip a clean glass rod into the liquid to be tested and drop it on the pH test paper. Compare the color displayed on the test paper with the standard color card to see which color is closest to the pH of the solution to be tested.

PPT on the acidity and alkalinity of substances, Part 6 content: Practice:

1. Which of the following substances is not acid ( )

A. HNO3 B. NaHCO3

C.H3PO4 D.HI

2. Use a simple method to distinguish water and sulfuric acid and write down the experimental steps.

3. Thinking: A scientist accidentally dropped hydrochloric acid on a purple flower while doing research, and the purple flower gradually turned red. Seeing such a phenomenon, many questions emerged in his mind. If you were that scientist, what questions would you have and what would you think?

4. The following groups of ions are produced by acid ionization ( )

A.H+, NO3-, SO42- B.OH-, Ba2+

C.H+, Na+, SO42- D. Na+, Ba2+, Cl-

Keywords: Zhejiang Education Edition ninth grade science PPT courseware free download, acidity and alkalinity of substances PPT download, .PPT format;

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"Acidity and Alkalinity of Matter" PPT (second lesson):

"Acidity and Alkalinity of Substances" PPT (Second Lesson) Part One Content: Learning Objectives: 1. Know the meaning of measuring the acidity and alkalinity of a solution; 2. Know the meaning of pH value and how to use pH test paper. ... ... ... PPT on the acidity and alkalinity of substances, part 2: complex...

"Acidity and Alkalinity of Matter" PPT (first lesson):

"Acidity and Alkalinity of Matter" PPT Part One Content: Learning Objectives: 1. Know that substances are divided into acidic and alkaline. 2. Name typical strong acids and common weak acidic substances in life; typical strong bases and common weak alkaline substances in life. 3. Know common acids and bases..

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Update Time: 2024-07-30

This template belongs to science courseware Zhejiang Education Edition Ninth Grade Science Volume 1 industry PPT template

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