"Niannujiao·Nostalgia in Chibi" "*Yongyule·Nostalgia in Beiguting, Jingkou" "*Slow Voice (Xun Xun Mi Mi)" PPT

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"Niannujiao·Nostalgia in Chibi" "*Yongyule·Nostalgia in Beiguting, Jingkou" "*Slow Voice (Xun Xun Mi Mi)" PPT

The first part: independent learning before class

1. Know the author

Su Shi who endured all the hardships in his life

Su Shi (1037-1101), courtesy name Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi, was a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Su Shi became a Jinshi at the age of 21. During the Shenzong period, he served in Mizhou, Huzhou and other places. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was framed in the "Wutai Poetry Case" and was demoted to Huangzhou as the deputy envoy of Tuanlian. In Huangzhou for more than four years, he opened up wasteland and farmed on the east slope of the city, so he called himself "Dongpo Jushi". After Zhezong came to the throne, he served as a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of the Ministry of Rites. He also went to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and other places. In his later years, he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. Amnesty returned to the north. He died of illness in Changzhou on the way and was buried in Jiaxian County, Henan Province. He was posthumously named Wenzhong Gong.

Su Shi's poetry breaks through the narrow themes of love and separation between men and women, and has broad social content. He swept away the traditional style of Ci since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, created the Bold and Unconstrained style that stood side by side with the Graceful School, expanded the subject matter of Ci, enriched the artistic conception of Ci, and made significant contributions to the innovation and development of Ci. The famous works "Nian Nujiao" and "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" were the first of the bold style of poetry. Liu Chenweng said in the "Preface to Xin Jiaxuan's Ci": "When the poem reaches Dongpo, it is upright and upright, like poetry, like writing, like the wonders of heaven and earth."

In terms of prose, together with Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Che, Wang Anshi, and Zeng Gong of the Song Dynasty, they are called the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Together with Ouyang Xiu, they are called "Ou Su". Together with their father Su Xun and younger brother Su Zheshi was called "Sansu"①. In terms of poetry, he is called "Su Huang" together with Huang Tingjian, and "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji. He has made great achievements in calligraphy, and together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang, he is known as the "Four Masters of Song Dynasty".

[Companion Reading] ①There are three fathers and sons in one discipline, all of whom are great writers. Poems and poems have been passed down through the ages, and Emei is the tallest place in the world. Do you now know who the "three fathers and sons" are?

Xin Qiji who follows Dongpo and sings about the great river going eastward

Xin Qiji (1140-1207), whose courtesy name was You'an and whose name was Jiaxuan. A patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Most of his poems have the theme of remembering the mountains and rivers of his homeland, expressing his ambition to resist the Jin Dynasty and serve the country, and exposing the low-key life of the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty. The writing style of the poem is vertical and horizontal, the momentum is magnificent, and the realm is broad, forming a bold and passionate style. Xin Qiji and Su Shi are both representatives of the bold school, and are called "Su Xin". ② He inherited Su Shi's bold style of writing, was good at creating vivid and vivid artistic images, and had strong romantic characteristics; inherited the traditions of "The Book of Songs" and "Chu Ci", creatively used symbolic techniques such as Bixing, and used a large number of allusions. The style is diverse, and he is good at integrating poetry, ci, song, fu, classics and history into the lyrics, and is good at refining folk spoken language into the lyrics, which brings a fresh and lively breath to the lyrics. Xin's Ci has formed a unique style of "Jia Xuan Style", which maximizes the capacity and expressiveness of Ci. "Jia Xuan Long Short Sentences" is his masterpiece.

[Accompanying Reading] ②The iron plate and copper lute follow Dongpo's singing of the great river going eastward; the beautiful qin mourns the millet, and in the Southern Song Dynasty of Hebei, don't follow the wild geese flying south.

2. Know the background

Being demoted to Huangzhou creates an eternal famous story

"Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgia" was written after Su Shi visited Chibiji outside Huanggang City. At that time, Su Shi was falsely accused by new officials because of his poems that satirized the new law, and he was demoted to Huangzhou and served as deputy envoy of Tuanlian. At this time, Su Shi felt deeply that he was getting older, his career and fame had not been achieved, and he was depressed. All kinds of associations suddenly arise when looking at the scenery. The scenes of fierce battles in the ancient battlefield of Chibi and the "majestic and heroic" image of Zhou Yu emerge in front of my eyes. The author praises his achievements and expresses his feelings about his ambition to serve the country but his unfulfilled ambition.

Climbing and admonishing one from the bottom of one’s heart

The poem "Yong Yule·Nostalgia for the Past in Beigu Pavilion, Jingkou" was written in 1205 when the author was serving as the prefect of Zhenjiang. At this time, the author was already 66 years old. In the fourth year of Jiatai of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty (1204), the ruling Han Dynasty wanted to consolidate his position with the Northern Expedition, so he appointed Xin Qiji as the prefect of Zhenjiang. Zhenjiang is adjacent to the front line of the war and is an important base for the Northern Expedition. After Xin Qiji took office, he made a lot of preparations for the Northern Expedition, but he did not agree with Han's idea of ​​an immediate Northern Expedition. Han refused to listen to Xin Qiji's advice and later transferred him away from Zhenjiang. In a sense, this poem is equivalent to a "letter of advice" to Han. ④

Displacement "Slow Voice"

"Slow Voice" is Li Qingzhao's late work, with sad lyrics. When Li Qingzhao wrote this poem, the Jin soldiers invaded and the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed. Her like-minded husband also died of illness while in office. During the process of fleeing south, the golden and stone cultural relics that the couple had collected for half their lives were lost. This series of blows made her suffer from the loss of her country, her family, and her displacement. It was against this background that the author wrote the poem "Slow Voice" to express his loneliness, sadness and sorrow by describing what he saw, heard and felt in Can Qiu. ⑤

3. Mingwen style

Long tune

Changdiao, one of the ci-melody styles, refers to the long tune in the ci-melody. Those with more than 91 characters are considered long tunes, such as: "Man Jiang Hong", "Shui Diao Ge Tou", "Nian Nu Jiao", "Shui Long Yin", "Yulin Ling", "Yong Yu Le", "Qin Yuan Chun", etc. The longest long tune is more than 200 words. For example, "Preface to the Song of Orioles" has 240 characters, which can be called the longest known long tune.

Part 2: Construction and exploration of task groups

text construction

Niannujiao·Chibi nostalgic

Summary of main themes

By writing about the majestic river scenery in Chibi, the author associates it with the fierce battles in the ancient battlefield of Chibi and Zhou Yu's "majestic and heroic" image, praising his achievements, and expressing his feelings about his ambition to serve the country and his unrequited ambition.

*Yongyule·Nostalgia for the past in Beiguting, Jingkou

Summary of main themes

Shangqiu uses the deeds of two historical heroes, Sun Quan and Liu Yu, to subtly satirize the incompetence of the Southern Song Dynasty regime and express his enthusiasm for resisting the enemy and saving the country. The next paragraph uses allusions to Liu Yilong, the Buddha's Li Temple, and Lian Po to continue to write about his loyalty to serve the motherland, and to express his anger at not being used by the imperial court.

*Slow voice (Looking for the sound)

Summary of main themes

This poem selects a series of scenes with typical significance, and expresses the sorrow of the ruin of the country, the destruction of the family, and the end of the world through the description of the autumn scenery.

Task exploration

Task 1: A nostalgic song, a romance through the ages - Appreciation of nostalgic poems

Mission guidance

Cultural scholar Mr. Yu Qiuyu once said: "The biggest lyrical theme in traditional Chinese literature is not love or death, but nostalgia and sighs of rise and fall." When the ancients read history books or visited historical sites, they were inspired by historical figures or events. They may think about the past, reflect on history, pay homage to the ancient relics, or use the wine glass of history to pour the pain in their chests. For a long time, epic poetry has become a precious literary heritage for people to appreciate and learn from with its unique artistic charm.

Part Three: Task Design

1. Su’s poems and Xin’s poems are both nostalgic poems. What’s the difference in the mood of the lyrical protagonist?

Contact the poet's writing background and personal life experience analysis.

Answer: Su Shi admired the ancient hero Zhou Yu, which triggered his lamentation and melancholy about his unrequited ambition to serve the country, and his long sigh of "life is like a dream", which shows the poet's deep sorrow and decadence. After all, the poet has a broad-minded and optimistic personality. Despite the adversity, he still "returns the moon to the moon", bold and generous.

Xin Qiji praised the heroic deeds and lamented the passing of heroes, aiming to express his incomparable indignation against the current rulers' humiliating national surrender policy of suing for peace and settling for peace. "Who can ask: Lian Po is old, can he still make a living?" Lian Po expresses his thoughts and hopes to fight on the battlefield and serve the country. It expresses the poet's persistent feelings of resisting gold, saving the country, and regaining the Central Plains. The anger and helplessness of having no way to find a job and having empty ambitions.

2. Both of the two nostalgic poems use ancient people to express their feelings. What are the differences in their usage?

Answer: Su Ci uses fine brushstrokes to create an image of Zhou Yu, a young general who is elegant and suave and outsmarts the powerful Cao Cao. While exaggerating his outstanding achievements and talents, other words and inks are used to subtly highlight his gentle demeanor and happy marriage. A close-up shot of "while talking and laughing, the oars were wiped out in ashes" highlights the elegant demeanor, majesty and grandeur of this military commander. The Confucian style of strategizing and commanding as well as his extraordinary courage and intelligence. It expresses the poet's admiration for Zhou Yu and his infinite emotion about his own circumstances.

But there are two people written on the top of Xin's poem: Sun Quan during the Three Kingdoms, and Liu Yu during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Unlike Su Ci, which focuses on the characters' voices, smiles, and expressions, it focuses on the influence of historical facts. Sun Quan and Liu Yu both made great achievements in Jingkou and are admired.

The next column lists two people. Liu Yilong was eager for success and rushed the Northern Expedition. As a result, he only ended up "looking north in a hurry". The poem retraces this painful historical lesson in a serious way, laments the past and satirizes the present, and warns those in power to be cautious in using troops to avoid making the same mistake as the past. Lian Po is eager to contribute to the country but has no way to do so. The poet compares himself with this and expresses his heart.

Part 4: Task Group Reading and Practice

Read the following three materials and complete the following learning tasks.

Material one

Zhu Yingtai is close to Beigu Pavilion

Yue Ke①

There is light smoke and layers of fog. Victory is almost divided into heroes. Under the moon, the palms are singing, the wind is blowing and the waves are raging, Guanhe River is infinitely sad, and I cannot bear to learn from it. The temples are frosty and stained by the autumn wind.

Browsing. The battlefield is thousands of miles away, and the career is always at stake. Throughout the ages, there have been natural chasms between the north and the south. Who can make a new sound while leaning on the building? The heavy city is hiding. Lili number, Xizhou more points.

【Notes】 ① Yue Ke: named Suzhi, the grandson of Yue Fei and the son of Yue Lin.

Material two

Nanxiangzi·Dengjingkou Beiguting is pregnant

Xin Qiji

Where can I see China? Beigu Tower is full of scenery. How many things have happened through the ages? The Yangtze River flows slowly and endlessly. When he was young, he had ten thousand pockets of horses, and the war in the southeast has not ended. Who is the rival of the world's heroes? Cao Liu should be like Sun Zhongmou in having children.

Material three

【中LV】Man Ting Fang·Jing Tao Hua

Tang Shunmin

There are ruined flowers and willows, destroyed buildings and ruined houses, and new graves and barren hills. Haimen's natural chasm is still the same, flowing eastward. The Iron Urn City ② stabs the tiger's mouth, and the Jinshan Temple towers over the tiger's head. When the sun sets, I climb up to the helm tower and look at the lights of Yangzhou.

[Notes] ① Haimen: The river below Jingkou is open. The ancients called it the sea, and the place was called Haimen. ② Iron Weng City: Located at the front peak of Beigu Mountain in Jingkou District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province today.

1. Which of the following is incorrect in the understanding and analysis of "Nanxiangzi·Dengjingkou Beiguting Youhuai" is ()

A. "Nanxiangzi" is the name of the Ci brand, and "Dengjingkou Beigu Pavilion is pregnant" is the title. This is a poem about nostalgia for the past.

B. The whole poem is lyrical and expresses emotion at the scene, making use of the past to satirize the present. The reason why the author praised Sun Quan as a hero of the world was undoubtedly a lashing out at the Southern Song Dynasty court, which was content and unwilling to make progress.

C. "Having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou." Xin Qiji borrowed this sentence from Liu Bei word for word. Not only was it "the most wonderful song", but it was also an implicit and profound satire. The meaning lies between the lines, is thought-provoking, and the technique is subtle and euphemistic.

D. There are three questions and three answers throughout this poem, which echo each other. The style is bright and bold, showing a bold style.

Analysis: "Having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou" is borrowed from Cao Cao's words.

Answer C

2. Reading material 1, answer: The poem says "Guanhe is filled with infinite sadness". What "sorrows" does the poet have in his heart? Please give a brief summary using the full word.

Answer: The years are fleeting, my hair is full of frost, I have no place to use my martial arts to achieve success, the mountains and rivers are broken, the current situation is turbulent, and the court is in peace and does not want to recover.

3. The three materials all write about the scenery of Beiguting in Jingkou. What emotions are expressed in each one?

The first answer material expresses the poet's lament that he is getting old and his ambitions are hard to fulfill; the second material expresses the author's desire to be like the ancient heroes by praising the ancient heroes, cleaning up the old mountains and rivers, and serving the country. It contains a strong sense of patriotism, but it also reveals the author's infinite emotion that he has no way to serve his country, and contains his resentment towards the Southern Song Dynasty court which was living in peace and had no ideas to cheer up; the third material draws on the contrast between the desolation and coldness of the ancient city of Jingkou and the lights of Yangzhou , expressing the infinite emotion of the past and present.

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Update Time: 2024-11-20

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