"Public Transport" PPT

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"Public Transport" PPT

Part One: Prose by Pre-Qin Scholars

The prose of pre-Qin scholars was produced during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period when hundreds of schools of thought contended. It has roughly gone through three stages: the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was the first stage of development, represented by The Analects of Confucius and Mozi; the middle period of the Warring States Period was the second stage of development. , represented by "Mencius" and "Zhuangzi"; the late Warring States period is the third stage of development, represented by "Xunzi" and "Han Feizi".

Introduction to Mozi

Mozi (about 476 BC to 390 BC), named Zhai (dí), is said to have been a native of the Song Dynasty during the Warring States Period. He later lived in the State of Lu for a long time. He was a thinker, politician, and educator in the early Warring States Period, and the founder of Mohism. "Mozi" originally had 71 chapters, of which 53 are now available. Mozi promoted ideas such as "non-aggression" and "universal love" to reflect the interests and wishes of small producers. His theory was opposed to that of Confucius and had great influence during the Warring States Period. Together with Confucianism, it was called "Xianxue". The article is highly logical, the language is simple, and it is persuasive.

Gongshu PPT, part 2: About "universal love" and "non-offensive"

The essence of Mozi's thought.

1. Universal love: love for all people in the world.

2. Non-offensive: Oppose aggressive wars and maintain peace.

He wants to "bring benefit to the world and eliminate harm to the world."

For this reason, he did not hesitate to "snatch himself and benefit the world."

Gongshu, Mingpan, also known as "Ban" or "Ban", also known as Luban, is from Shandong. He is a skilled craftsman in ancient Chinese legends. Nowadays, Luban is revered as the originator of the construction industry, but in fact this is far from enough.

Luban has made great achievements not only in the construction industry, but also in other fields. He invented the flying kite and was the first human being to conquer space. He invented the ladder (heavy weapon), the hook (still in use today) and other siege weapons. He was a great military scientist.

In terms of machinery, he has long been known as the "Mechanical Saint". In addition, he has made many achievements in civilian and technological fields.

Gongshu PPT, the third part: read the pronunciation of the following words correctly

Gongshupan bān Mechanical xiè Ying yǐng Wenxuan xuān

敝宇 bì yú Brilliant jǐn xiù short brown hè

Liangrou liáng bran dregs kāng zāo rhinoceros xī sì

elk mí turtle biē yuán tuó

pheasant rabbit squid zhì fù �nanyuzhang pián nán yù

Shouyu yù 诎qū qinhuali gǔ Chukou kòu

Gongshu PPT, Part 4: Translation Method

1. Copying method: names of people, places, official positions, time, special nouns, etc.

2. Replacement method: replace ancient Chinese words with modern Chinese words.

3. Deletion method: combine syllables, take unique words, prefix and postfix words, etc.

4. Supplementary method: omit the omitted components in the sentence, or the context needs to be supplemented.

5. Shifting method: Prepositioned and postpositioned components should be returned to their original positions, and prepositional phrases used as complements should sometimes be moved to the adverbial position.

6. Comprehensive method: Two sentences using the "intertextual" rhetorical method should be translated comprehensively.

Explain words and translate texts

Original text: Gongshu Pan is a tool for Chu to build a ladder. If it is completed, he will attack Song.

Gongshu Pan: People from the state of Lu can make strange instruments. Gongshu is the surname and Pan is the given name. It is also written as "Gongshuban" or "Gongshuban". Folks call him Luban.

Ladder: a device used to climb a city during a siege. Clouds describe a very high ladder.

To: use, rely on;

Translation: Gongshu Pan made an instrument such as a ladder for the Chu State. After it was completed, he would use it to attack the Song State.

Gongshu PPT, part 5: discussion structure

Ask the group to discuss, divide the levels and summarize the meaning of the levels.

Part One (Section 1): Chu State was about to attack Song State, and Mozi went to dissuade him.

Part 2 (verses 2-22): Mozi successfully dissuaded Chu from attacking Song.

Level 1 (verses 2-12): Mozi discourages Gongshu Pan.

Second level (verses 13-16): Mozi dissuaded the King of Chu.

The third level (verses 17-22): Mozi used practical actions to dissuade King Chu from canceling his plan to attack Song Dynasty.

Public transmission PPT, part 6: clarifying ideas

1. Thread the bead with the word "See".

Mozi saw Gongshupan → Mozi met the King of Chu → Mozi saw Gongshupan

(1～12) (13～16) (17～22)

2. Organize the full text using the changes in the characters' thoughts and attitudes as clues.

Background explanation - The public loser "submit" - The King of Chu said: "Good" - The public loser said "Good" - The King of Chu said "good"

Read the text carefully, explore the secret of Mozi’s success in stopping Chu and attacking Song Dynasty, and appreciate Mozi’s art of persuasion

Students read paragraphs 1 to 12 in different roles. think:

Question ①: Which sentence in the article explains the cause of the incident?

Question ②: What are the verbs used in the text to describe Mozi’s hurried journey? What kind of mentality and spirit does Mozi reflect?

Question ③: When Mozi saw Gongshu Pan, he asked him to help him kill people, and further said that he could "donate money". What was his real intention?

Question ④: How did Mozi refute his "righteousness" when he said "I am determined not to kill people" when he caught the public loser?

Gongshu PPT, Part 7: Text Analysis

1. How did Mozi convince Gongshu Pan with his clever and sharp words?

Mozi first made an unreasonable request: There is a man in the north who insults me, and I hope to kill him with your help. Gongshu Pan was very unhappy after hearing this. Mozi once again provoked the general: Allow me to give you ten pieces of gold. Make Gongshu Pan say "I adhere to morality and never kill people casually." Since Gongshu Pan can uphold morality, Mozi attacked Gongshu Pan based on the innocence of the Song Dynasty, and then criticized Gongshu Pan based on the standards of "wisdom", "benevolence", "loyalty", "strongness" and "knowledge of human nature" of a gentleman. It is unreasonable to build ladders for Chu State. These clever and sharp words convinced Gongshu Pan.

2. How did Mozi convince the King of Chu with his clever and sharp words?

Mozi first assumed that the theft was unreasonable and asked the King of Chu: "What kind of person is this?" The King of Chu said: "This must be a person who has a problem with stealing." Mozi then pointed out that Chu attacked Song. They are the same kind of people. This clever and sharp rhetoric convinced the King of Chu.

3. How did Mozi make the King of Chu take back his life and prevent an unjust war?

Although Gongshu Pan and the King of Chu were persuaded by reason, the Chu State still refused to give up relying on the ladder built by Gongshu Pan. Mozi felt that only by defeating Gongshu Pan strategically and tactically could he finally convince the King of Chu. So, they conducted a simulation exercise of attacking and defending the city with Gongshu Pan, and won. However, Gongshu Pan did not give up and wanted to kill Mozi to achieve his goal. Mozi saw through Gongshu Pan's conspiracy and calmly advised the King of Chu, "My disciple Qin Huali and three hundred people are already waiting for Chu's invasion in Song City with my tools to defend the city. Even if they kill me , and could not defeat the Song Dynasty. The facts shattered the King of Chu's dream of relying solely on weapons to win.

4. Mozi’s attempt to dissuade Chu from attacking Song can be divided into three steps. Let’s try to summarize each in a short sentence.

⑴ Use the standards of a gentleman of "wisdom", "benevolence", "loyalty", "strength" and "knowledge of human nature" to accuse Gongshupan and convince him.

⑵ Use the analogy of "stealing disease" to convince the king of Chu.

⑶Cunningly planned the siege of Jiuju Gongshu Pan by defending the city, and persuaded the King of Chu that he could not stop killing his ministers, so that the King of Chu took back his order to attack Song Dynasty.

Public transmission PPT, part 8: summary

Zimozi used the rebuttal method of using Zi's spear to attack Zi's shield to expose the lie of "righteousness" in Gongshu Pan; he made the King of Chu fall into the quagmire of "stealing disease"; through simulating offense and defense on paper, he "nine distances" and " "There is more than enough to defend", indicating that Chu's attack on Song would not have good results, forcing the King of Chu to submit.

Summarize

This article is an interesting prose mainly composed of narratives. It leaves a very deep impression on people with its vivid dialogue, distinctive characters and ups and downs of the story. It fully embodies the characteristics of strong argumentation and strong logic in the prose of "Mozi".

Keywords: Free download of the Chinese PPT courseware for the first volume of the ninth grade of the E-education edition, public PPT download, .PPT format;

For more information about the "Gongshu" PPT courseware, please click the "Gongshu" ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-09-30

This template belongs to Chinese courseware E-education edition Chinese language for grade 9, volume 1 industry PPT template

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