"Teacher's Guide" PPT Courseware 7

Description

"Teacher's Guide" PPT Courseware 7

learning target

1. Accumulate key words and summarize classical Chinese knowledge.

2. Understand the general knowledge of "table".

3. Clarify the context of the text and recite the full text.

4. What suggestions did Zhuge Liang make to Liu Chan on domestic political issues in the article?

5. The author reviews his own experience. From the text, can you understand what events the author reviewed? What does it do?

6. Learn how to write this article by integrating argumentation, narrative, and lyricism.

writing background

Zhuge Liang assisted Liu Bei and went through many hardships. After years of hard work, he finally established the Kingdom of Shu and assumed the important responsibility of Prime Minister. Two years after the establishment of the Shu Kingdom, in 223 AD, Liu Bei died of illness and was succeeded by Liu Chan, who was 16 years old. Zhuge Liang was ordered to assist Liu Chan and preside over the military and political affairs of Shu. In 227 AD, Zhuge Liang led the Shu army to march north and garrisoned in Hanzhong (now Nanzheng County, Shaanxi Province), preparing to conquer Cao Wei, seize the Central Plains, and revive the Han Dynasty. At that time, he felt that Liu Chan was cowardly and had internal worries, so before setting off, he wrote to Liu Chan, earnestly admonishing him, asking Liu Chan to inherit Liu Bei's legacy, forge ahead, cheer up, listen to loyal advice, appoint the virtuous, and reject the sycophants, and be strict and wise. Rewards and punishments, dedicated to state affairs, in order to complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty and unifying the world.

interpreting style

"Table" is a type of memorial in ancient times. There are several types of memorials such as sparse table memorials. It is an ancient style of writing to express feelings to the emperor. That is, letters written by ministers to the emperor. The content is mostly about stating one's wishes, requests, or opinions on certain issues. It is often written in a way that combines discussion, narrative and lyricism. It is required to write sincerely, tactfully and touchingly, and state one's true feelings. This essay is mainly argumentative, with both narrative and lyrical elements.

In 227 AD, Zhuge Liang decided to go north to attack Wei. The purpose of writing this statement was to hope that Liu Chan would appoint wise ministers, adopt loyal advice, distinguish rewards and punishments, cultivate domestic politics, and have a stable strategic rear, so as to realize the late emperor's plan of "defending the Central Plains in the north." ", the grand ideal of "reviving the Han Dynasty".

overall perception

1. Listen and read the text and memorize the words.

2. Clarify the context and divide the structure.

3. Outline the words and try to translate the text.

4. From the text, can you understand what events the author reviewed?

Accumulate words

Collapse, loyalty, admonishment, punishment, Zang, no, help to repair the gap

Fei, he feels sorry for himself, sighs in sorrow all night long, and belittles himself.

The common people are exhausted and stupid, and they are admonishing the good people. I will leave your majesty to you.

Part One: (1-2) Point out the crisis and make suggestions.

Part Two: (3) Self-narration of experiences, expressing the sincere feelings of "repaying the late emperor and being loyal to His Majesty" and the determination to "defeat the Central Plains in the north and revive the Han Dynasty".

Part Three: (4) Clarify the responsibilities of all aspects.

Translate text

The minister made it clear: The late emperor had not yet started his business, but the middle path collapsed; today, Yizhou is weak and weak, and this is the time when the survival of the sincerity is in danger. However, the ministers of the bodyguard are tireless at home, and the loyal people forget about themselves outside. This is because they want to repay the special experience of the late emperor to His Majesty. It is sincerely appropriate to open Zhang Shengting to honor the legacy of the late emperor and to magnify the spirit of the people with lofty ideals. It is not appropriate to belittle oneself, to use metaphors that are unjust, and to block the road of loyalty and admonishment.

Chen Liang reported that the late emperor passed away before he was even halfway through his great cause of unifying the country. Now the world is divided into the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu, and Wu. Our Shu kingdom is poor and weak. This is indeed a critical moment for our survival. However, the ministers who accompanied the guards were unswerving in the palace, and the loyal and ambitious soldiers sacrificed their lives on the battlefield because they recalled the special kindness shown to them by the late emperor when he was still alive and wanted to repay His Majesty. Your Majesty should indeed expand the knowledge of the sage, use it to carry forward the virtues left by the late emperor, and carry forward and expand the spirit of the people with lofty ideals; you should not look down on yourself casually and say some inappropriate words to block the way for loyal ministers to remonstrate.

reading comprehension

1. What suggestions did Zhuge Liang make to Liu Chan in the article? Which one is the main point? Why?

Three suggestions were put forward: ⑴Open up the conversation. "Sincerely, it is appropriate to open the door to the Holy Spirit"; ⑵Strict rewards and punishments. "In the palace and in the mansion, they are all integrated into one body. It is not suitable to be similar or different in order to punish or punish others." "Be close to a virtuous minister, but be far away from a villain."

Because only by being close to the virtuous and far away from the sycophants, and opening up the road of speech can we open the way for loyal and admonishing words, rather than opening the door for slander and evil; only by being close to the virtuous and far away from the sycophants, can we truly realize the elegance of words and "show the principles of peace and clarity" , so that there will be no distinction between loyal and traitorous, and rewards and punishments will not be clear.

2. What is the purpose of making these three suggestions?

① I hope that the successor can "glorify the late emperor's legacy and magnify the spirit of the lofty ideals"

②I hope that the later master can "show your majesty the principles of peace and understanding"

③I hope that the future master can "close to the virtuous ministers and stay away from the villains. Then the Han Dynasty will prosper, and we can wait for it in the coming days."

In short, the author hopes that the Shu Kingdom can have a clear political situation, a stable rear defense, and eliminate the worries of the Northern Expedition, so that he can concentrate on conquering Wei.

3. The article shifts from admonishment to self-narration of life. At first glance, it seems to have nothing to do with becoming a teacher, but further scrutiny reveals the author’s good intentions. What are the benefits of writing like this? Do you see it?

Writing like this, first of all, I express my loyalty to the Shu Han. I have worked hard every day for 21 years. It is a reflection of the late emperor's special situation. Since the late emperor has "died", he should also "repay his Majesty". This kind of confession is reasonable and can easily impress Liu Chan and gain his trust, so that when he is far away, the villain will make rash remarks and alienate the monarch and his ministers, thus causing great harm. Secondly, recalling that the late emperor "did not treat his ministers as despicable" and his "three considerations" also inspired Liu Chan to be able to appoint people on their merits and know them well, just like his father. The sudden shift from admonishing the king to describing oneself makes the article take a new approach, with many ups and downs.

Reading exploration

1. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

The request to launch the Northern Expedition hopes that domestic politics will be improved and a stable strategic rear will be established. It expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of serving the late emperor, being loyal to His Majesty, and his determination to restore the Han Dynasty to the Central Plains in the north.

2. How to understand the relationship between the three suggestions Zhuge Liang put forward to his later master Liu Chan?

Based on widening the voice and using strict rewards and punishments as a means, we can achieve the goal of keeping the virtuous and the nefarious at a distance. Being close to the virtuous and distant from the nefarious is the core.

3. Why did Zhuge Liang narrate his original ambition and Tuogu in Baidi City?

It expresses Liu Bei's kindness and extreme trust in him, illustrates the difficulties of starting a business, expresses his feelings of "repaying the late emperor" and "loyalty to His Majesty", and hopes that his successor will support the Northern Expedition.

4. How does the author feel when describing his origins and background?

The memory and gratitude to the late master Liu Bei, and the loyalty to the Liu family and his son.

Writing method reference

1. The plot is clever and layered.

2. The words are sincere and combine narration, discussion and expression.

3. Combination of parallel and prose, flexible brushwork.

4. The narrative and argumentative expressions of the article are also full of changes, and the writing style is swaying and eclectic.

Text summary

This essay has always been highly praised by people and is regarded as the masterpiece of the essay. After persuading the late emperor with sincere words, the article mainly carried on the legacy of the late emperor, opened up the way of speech, strictly enforced rewards and punishments, kept close friends with the virtuous and far away from the necessities, and improved politics to complete the great unfinished business of the late emperor. It also expressed Zhuge Liang's sincere feelings of repaying the late emperor's kindness and "Beijing Ding Central Plains". "The determination to "revitalize the Han Dynasty".

Parts of speech conjugation

To honor the legacy of the late emperor.

Light, a noun used as a verb, carries forward.

A great spirit of lofty ideals.

Magnificent, the adjective is used as a verb to develop and expand.

These are all good and true.

Liangshi, an adjective used as a noun, a kind and honest person.

Expand and extend

Write down idioms and sayings related to Zhuge Liang.

idiom

(1) Work hard and die. Note: Refers to being diligent and dedicated, fighting for the revolution and the people for life.

Source: Zhuge Liang of the Three Kingdoms of Shu, "Later's Discipline": "I bow and do my best, and then die."

(2) Make strategic plans. Note: Refers to formulating a combat strategy. Extended to planning and command. Source: "Book of Han: Chronicles of Emperor Gaodi": "I am not as good as Zifang in strategizing and winning a battle thousands of miles away."

(3) The Three Stooges are better than Zhuge Liang. Note: It is a metaphor that more people have more wisdom. If you have something to discuss, you can come up with a good solution.

Answer with original sentences

1. Analyze the unfavorable objective conditions of the Shu Kingdom (Yizhou) at that time: the late emperor failed to start his business half way, but the middle path collapsed. Today, Yizhou is weak and disadvantaged. This is the autumn of the survival of the sincerity.

2. The author analyzes the favorable subjective conditions at that time: However, the ministers of the bodyguard are unremitting inward, while the loyal people forget themselves outside.

3. A worrying statement to express the crisis situation in Shu: Three points are falling today, Yizhou is exhausted, and this is a time of crisis for survival.

4. The reason for the formation of favorable subjective conditions is that I wanted to repay His Majesty the special treatment I received from the late Emperor.

5. The three suggestions made by the author to the later master Liu Chan are: (1) Open the door to Shengting; (2) The palace and the palace are all integrated, and there should be no similarities or differences between Zhi and Zang; (3) Keep close friends with virtuous ministers and stay away from villains.

6. The purpose of the author's suggestion of "Kai Zhang Sheng Ting" is to honor the legacy of the late emperor and to magnify the spirit of the people with lofty ideals.

7. Sentences that embody "clear distinctions between rewards and punishments" (the specific content of the suggestions put forward in the second paragraph): The palace and the palace are all integrated into one body. There should be no similarities or differences in terms of punishment and punishment.

Keywords: teaching courseware for teaching by the example of a teacher, Chinese version Chinese courseware for the second volume of the ninth grade, Chinese slide courseware download for the ninth grade, PPT courseware download for the example of a teacher, .ppt format

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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