"Organic Synthetic Materials" Chemistry and Life PPT Courseware

Description

"Organic Synthetic Materials" Chemistry and Life PPT Courseware

learning target

1. Able to distinguish inorganic substances and organic substances from the composition

2. Understand the classification and uses of organic polymer materials

3. Understand the characteristics, uses and harm to the environment of organic synthetic materials, and understand the importance of environmental protection

In the process of the development of human society, the materials gifted by nature to human beings are far from meeting the needs of the development of human society. For the needs of human development, people always use their own intelligence and diligence in addition to the gifts of nature. Our hands are constantly developing and creating a variety of new materials to meet the needs of the continuous development of human quality, civilization and science and technology. Facts show that materials science is the pillar of high-tech industry, and chemistry is the basis of materials science.

Re-understanding of compounds

Organic compounds: Compounds containing carbon element in their general composition are called organic compounds. For example: methane, ethanol, glucose, starch, protein, acetic acid, etc.

Inorganic compounds: Generally refers to compounds that do not contain carbon elements. (NaCl, H2SO4, KNO3, etc.)

Get out of the misunderstanding: A few compounds containing carbon elements (CO, CO2, Na2CO3, CaCO3, NaHCO3, etc.) have the characteristics of inorganic compounds, so treat them as inorganic compounds.

The reason for the huge number of organic matter: carbon atoms can be directly combined with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and other atoms; carbon atoms can also be connected to each other; they can form carbon chains or carbon rings.

Summary

Organic compounds with relatively small relative molecular masses are called organic small molecules, and organic compounds with relatively large relative molecular masses are called organic polymer compounds.

organic synthetic materials

Materials made of organic polymer compounds are organic polymer materials.

(1) Natural organic polymer materials - cotton, wool, wood, grass (natural fiber) and natural rubber, etc.

(2) Synthetic organic polymer materials - plastics, synthetic fibers (polyester, acrylic, nylon) and synthetic rubber, etc. - the three major organic synthetic materials.

Most polymer compounds are polymerized from small molecules, so polymer compounds are also called polymers. When small molecules are connected to form polymers, some form long chains, and some form chains. mesh.

One of the organic synthetic materials - plastic

synthetic fiber

Common synthetic fibers: polyester (ceramic), nylon (nylon), acrylic.

Advantages: high strength, good elasticity, wear resistance and chemical corrosion resistance.

Disadvantages: Poor water absorption and breathability.

Solution: Blend with cotton fibers and wool.

synthetic rubber

Commonly used synthetic rubbers include styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber and chloroprene rubber.

Compared with natural rubber, synthetic rubber has high elasticity, insulation, oil resistance and high temperature resistance.

Classic examples

Knowledge point 1, organic matter

[Typical Example 1] (2010·Suzhou High School Entrance Examination) Which of the following substances is not organic ( )

A． Formaldehyde (HCHO)

B. Glucose (C6H12O6)

C． Acetic acid (CH3COOH)

D. Carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Knowledge point 2. Synthetic materials

[Typical Example 2] (2010 Rizhao High School Entrance Examination) The picture on the right is part of a clothing label. Which of the following is correct ( )

A.Polyester is a natural fiber

B. Polyester is an organic polymer material

C. Cotton is a synthetic organic polymer material

D. Polyester and wool cannot be distinguished by burning method

Knowledge training

1. Which of the following are organic compounds ( )

A.Carbon dioxide B. Methane

C. Calcium carbonate D. Sulfuric acid

2. (2010·Honghe High School Entrance Examination) The emergence of organic polymer synthetic materials is a major breakthrough in the history of material development. The following daily necessities are made of organic synthetic materials ( )

A.Aluminum alloy doors and windows B.Fiberglass tables and chairs

C. Plastic laundry tub D. Jianshui ceramics

3. (2010 Chuxiong High School Entrance Examination) "Haibao" is the mascot of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, and its image is shown on the right. There is a kind of "Haibao" whose external material is pure sheep thread and the inner filling is polyester fiber. Which of the following statements is wrong ( )

A. Wool and polyester fibers are both synthetic materials

B. Wool and polyester fibers are both polymer compounds

C. Wool and polyester fibers are both organic matter

D. Wool and polyester fibers can be distinguished by burning

4. The theme of the Shanghai World Expo is "Better City, Better Life". Which of the following statements about the World Expo is incorrect ( )

A. Use new energy vehicles to undertake transportation tasks in the park

B. The reinforced concrete used in the "Crown of the East" in the China Pavilion is an organic synthetic material.

C. Many exhibition halls use photoelectric conversion devices to reflect the concept of today's "low-carbon" economy.

D. Install catalytic photolysis equipment in the parking lot to convert CO and NOx in car exhaust into non-toxic gases

Class summary

1. All organic compounds contain carbon, but compounds containing carbon are not necessarily organic.

2. Organic polymers are organic compounds with a large relative molecular mass.

3. Plastics, synthetic fibers and synthetic rubber are all important organic synthetic materials.

4. The use of organic synthetic materials will have an impact on the environment, such as "white pollution".

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For more information about the "Chemistry and Life Organic Synthetic Materials" PPT courseware, please click the Chemistry and Life ppt Organic Synthetic Materials ppt tab.

"Organics and Organic Synthetic Materials" PPT courseware:

"Organic Compounds and Organic Synthetic Materials" PPT Courseware Part One: Some Simple Organic Compounds 1. The concept of organic matter (1) Compounds containing carbon are usually called organic compounds, or organic compounds for short. Corresponding to organic matter is inorganic matter, which includes elemental substances..

"Organics and Organic Synthetic Materials" PPT (Lesson 2):

The first part of the PPT courseware "Organics and Organic Synthetic Materials" content: Teaching objectives 1. Understand the organic matter that is of great significance to life activities 2. Know the material cycle in nature and common organic materials... ... ... Organic matter and Organic synthetic materials PPT,..

"Organics and Organic Synthetic Materials" PPT (first lesson):

"Organic Compounds and Organic Synthetic Materials" PPT Part One Content: Teaching Objectives 1. Be able to distinguish between inorganic substances and organic substances 2. Know the properties and uses of some simple organic substances. ... ... ... Organic matter and organic synthetic materials PPT, part 2: simple organic...

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Update Time: 2024-10-04

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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