"The Unprecedented Seriousness of the National Crisis" The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation PPT Courseware 2

Description

"The Unprecedented Seriousness of the National Crisis" The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation PPT Courseware 2

Course objectives

Familiar memories: September 18th Incident, establishment of the Puppet Manchukuo, Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, Xi'an Incident.

Analysis: the internal and external factors of the September 18th Incident, the causes of the Xi'an Incident and the historical role of peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident.

Focus: Xi'an Incident and its peaceful resolution.

1. September 18th Incident (P79-80)

(Self-study→Group exploration)

1. Background and causes of the September 18th Incident

① Japan has long planned to invade China;

②There is an urgent need to get rid of the economic crisis;

③The Kuomintang went all out to "suppress communism" and provided Japan with an opportunity to invade China.

2. The history of the September 18th Incident

Time: September 18, 1931. The Japanese Kwantung Army created the September 18th Incident and blew up a small section of the railway in Liutiao Lake. However, they falsely accused the Chinese army of doing it and shelled the Beida Camp of the Northeastern Army. The next morning, they captured Shenyang City.

3. The attitude of the Kuomintang

(1) National Government: Chiang Kai-shek proposed the policy of "reconciling the internal situation before resisting foreign aggression" and pursued the "non-resistance policy".

(2) Northeastern Army: Zhang Xueliang (1901--2001), in accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's will, ordered the Northeastern Army to retreat into the pass without resistance.

4. Results: ① Completely occupied Northeast China. ②In 1932, he hijacked Puyi, the deposed emperor of the Qing Dynasty, established the puppet Manchukuo puppet regime in Changchun, and implemented colonial rule over the Northeast.

2. The anti-Japanese and national salvation movement surged

Can you talk about the main manifestations of the rise of the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement?

1. The Communist Party of China issued a declaration calling on the people across the country to resist Japan

2. The people of Northeast China spontaneously organized the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army to fight against Japanese aggression.

3. Large and medium-sized cities across the country have resisted Japan in various forms and asked the Kuomintang to resist Japan.

4. Some patriotic soldiers persisted in the local war of resistance and severely defeated the Japanese invading forces.

3. Xi’an Incident (Double Twelve Incident) p82-84

(1) Background reasons for the Xi’an Incident:

1. The contradiction between China and Japan has become the main contradiction, and resisting Japan and saving the nation has become a top priority. (root cause)

2. Inspired by the CCP’s call for the establishment of a national united front against Japan. (catalytic cause)

3. Chiang Kai-shek rejected Zhang and Yang’s suggestion to stop the civil war and unite against Japan. (direct cause)

(2) The purpose of the incident—to force Chiang to resist Japan

(3) Overview of the Xi’an Incident (P83)

On December 12, 1936, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched a "military remonstrance", detained Chiang Kai-shek, and sent a telegram to the whole country, proposing eight proposals, including reorganizing the Nanjing government, stopping all civil wars, and immediately convening a national salvation conference. This is the Xi'an Incident.

Research question: Is it possible to persuade Chiang to resist Japan without resorting to military remonstrance?

After the September 18th Incident, Chiang Kai-shek still insisted on first pacifying the internal situation and then attacking the outside world. On the eve of the incident, Chiang Kai-shek personally went to Xi'an to exert pressure on Zhang and Yang, forcing the Red Army to attack and suppressing students' appeals. All these show that "persuading Chiang" will not help, and only military remonstrance can force Chiang to resist Japan.

(4) Attitudes from all walks of life (P84)

①Japan: Attempting to take advantage of the opportunity to trigger a civil war in China

② The pro-Japanese faction in the National Government (led by He Yingqin): Attack Xi'an to seize Chiang Kai-shek's political power.

③The United States, the United Kingdom, and the pro-British and American factions in the National Government (Song Ziwen and Song Meiling): hope for a peaceful solution to rescue Chiang Kai-shek and safeguard Chiang Kai-shek's dominance and British and American interests in China.

④Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: Putting national justice first, advocated a peaceful solution to the Xi'an Incident, and sent Zhou Enlai to lead a delegation to Xi'an for negotiations.

Group cooperation and exploration: Why did the CCP want to peacefully resolve the Xi’an Incident?

The resolution of the Xi'an Incident will lead to two prospects: First, killing Chiang will inevitably intensify conflicts, cause a new civil war, and weaken the anti-Japanese forces. The second is a peaceful solution, which is conducive to the reconciliation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, ends the ten-year civil war, promotes the establishment of the anti-Japanese national united front, is conducive to uniting against Japan, and is conducive to the fundamental interests of the entire nation. Therefore, the CCP attaches great importance to national justice and advocates a peaceful solution to the Xi'an Incident.

Detection and consolidation

1. (2011 Hubei·Wuhan) The Anti-Japanese War was the first national liberation war in which the Chinese people achieved complete victory in their struggle against foreign aggression. In this just war, the historical events that promoted the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in resisting Japan and promoted the formation of the anti-Japanese national united front were ( )

A. The Battle of Crossing the River B. The peaceful settlement of the Xi’an Incident C. The May 4th Movement

2. (2011 Hubei·Shiyan) Among the following figures, the leader of the Communist Party of China who participated in both the peace talks of the Xi'an Incident and the Chongqing negotiations is ( )

A． Mao Zedong b. Zhou Enlai c. Ye Ting D. Peng Dehuai

3. (2011 Hubei·Shiyan) The Xi'an Incident and the Chongqing Negotiations are both major historical events in China's modern history. The similarities between the two are ( )

① Zhang Xueliang was directly involved ② The Communist Party of China has made active efforts

③ All have initially emerged in a situation that is beneficial to the Chinese nation. ④ All herald the arrival of a new situation of unity and resistance against Japan.

A． ①② B． ③④ C. ①④ D． ②③

4. (2011. Dazhou, Sichuan) The building on the right is located in the Liutiao Lake area in the northern suburbs of Shenyang. It records the historical facts of Japan’s invasion of China and is a base for patriotic education. The historical event directly related to this building is ( )

A. July 7th Incident B. September 18th Incident C. Xi’an Incident D. Nanjing Massacre

Keywords: Chinese nation’s Anti-Japanese War teaching courseware, unprecedented serious national crisis teaching courseware, East China Normal University edition eighth grade history PPT courseware download, eighth grade history slide courseware download, Chinese nation’s Anti-Japanese War PPT courseware download, national crisis Download the unprecedented serious PPT courseware in .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation and the Unprecedented National Crisis", please click the "The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation and the Unprecedented National Crisis" PPT courseware.

"The Unprecedented Seriousness of the National Crisis" The Chinese Nation's Anti-Japanese War PPT courseware:

"The Unprecedented Seriousness of the National Crisis" The Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese Nation PPT Courseware 1. The September 18th Incident 1. The background and reasons for the outbreak ① Japan has long planned to invade China: Japan's Eastern Conference established the policy of aggression against China ② Japan's domestic factors: urgent need to get rid of financial crisis..

File Info

Update Time: 2024-11-22

This template belongs to History courseware East China Normal University Edition Eighth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

Preview