"Immunity and Planned Immunization" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware

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"Immunity and Planned Immunization" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware

1. The three lines of defense of the human body

The reason why people can live healthily in an environment with a large number of pathogens is because the human body has a line of defense to defend itself. So, what exactly are the lines of defense?

Why do germs die quickly when applied to clean skin? What does this say about the function of skin?

Skin secretions kill germs. This shows that the skin has the function of killing germs.

non-specific immunity

Characteristics of the first and second lines of defense:

The natural defense function that everyone is born with does not target a specific pathogen, but has a defensive effect on a variety of pathogens - (innate immunity)

Antibodies: After a pathogen invades the human body, it stimulates lymphocytes, which produce a special protein that resists the pathogen.

Antigen: A substance that causes the body to produce antibodies (such as pathogens, transplanted organs, and other foreign bodies).

think about it

2. Can people who have been vaccinated against chickenpox or have had chickenpox resist the invasion of influenza viruses?

No, a specific antigen can only produce specific antibodies, and this antibody cannot act on other antigens - the specificity of immunity.

What is the difference between the third line of defense and the first and second lines of defense?

Characteristics: Specific immunity (also known as acquired immunity) is produced after birth and only works against a specific pathogen or foreign body.

two. immune function

What does immunity mean?

The original meaning was freedom from disease. The more consistent view now is that immunity is a physiological function of the human body. The human body relies on this function to identify "self" and "non-self" components, thereby destroying and rejecting antigenic substances entering the human body, or damaged cells produced by the human body itself. and tumor cells, etc., to maintain human health.

Immunity has three important functions:

1. Remove aging, dead and damaged cells from the body

2. Resist the invasion of antigens and prevent the occurrence of diseases.

3. Monitor, identify and remove abnormal cells (such as tumor cells) produced in the body

three. planned immunization

Planned immunization refers to the planned vaccination of children with various safe and effective vaccines according to scientific immunization procedures based on the occurrence patterns of certain infectious diseases, in order to achieve the purpose of preventing, controlling and eliminating corresponding infectious diseases.

Try your hand

1. Among the following functions of the skin, the one that belongs to the immune function is ( )

A. Prevent bacterial invasion B. Prevent water evaporation

C. Feel external stimulation D. Regulate body temperature

2. What can engulf and destroy pathogens in the human body ( )

A. Respiratory mucosa B. Lymphocytes

C. Antibodies and antigens D. Phagocytic cells

3. Among the following phenomena, which one belongs to specific immunity ( )

A. The bactericidal effect of saliva B. Vaccination with DPT vaccine

C. White blood cells phagocytose germs D. Barrier function of skin

4. Immune cells are mainly ( )

A. Phagocytes B. Glandular cells

C. Epithelial cells D. Lymphocytes

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"Immunity and Planned Immunization" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware 3:

"Immunity and Planned Immunization" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware 3 Data Analysis 1. Someone once did an experiment: a pathogenic streptococcus was applied to the clean skin of healthy people, and then checked again after 2 hours, and found that 90% The above streptococci were eliminated. Why apply it on...

"Immunity and Planned Immunization" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware 2:

"Immunity and Planned Immunization" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware 2 Questions 1. Why do people get sick? 2. Why do most people not get sick easily? Answer 1: Invasion of pathogens. Answer 2: Usually people have certain resistance. Non-specific immunity. The first line of defense (skin and...

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Update Time: 2024-11-17

This template belongs to biology courseware People's Education Edition Biology for Grade 8, Volume 2 industry PPT template

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