"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 4

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"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 4

1. Restoration and development of agricultural economy

1. Encourage land reclamation and increase in crop varieties

2. Management of the Yellow River and border development

2. Development of industry and commerce

1. Progress in agriculture and handicrafts

2. Commercial towns flourished

3. Shanxi merchants, Hui merchants and other business gangs emerged

3. Population Growth

1. Significant population growth

2. "The prosperous age of Kangxi and Qianlong"

War, famine, etc. in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties caused serious damage.

Take Sichuan as an example: less than 5% of the indigenous people remain in eastern Sichuan, about 15% remain in the northern part of central Sichuan, less than 10% in the south, and less than 10% remain in the Chengdu Plain and western Sichuan. In total, less than 10% of Sichuan’s indigenous residents remain.

——Cao Shuji et al. "Chinese Population History"

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, exotic crops introduced to my country also included sweet potatoes, cassava, peppers, tomatoes, zucchini, pumpkins, green beans, pineapples, custard apples, papayas, upland cotton, etc.

There are two routes for chili peppers to be introduced into China, one is via land route through India and other places, the other is via the Strait of Malacca and enters South China, and then gradually expands throughout the country. It was originally only an ornamental plant and was recorded in the works of Gao Lian (1573-1620) of the Ming Dynasty.

What were the characteristics of my country’s population development before the Qing Dynasty?

Material 1: For more than a thousand years from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the end of the Tang Dynasty, the population in the same geographical area always fluctuated between 10, 20, 30, 50, and 60 million. The Song and Ming dynasties were slightly higher, but only increased to about 100 million. During the 265 years of the Qing Dynasty, the population increased to more than 400 million. ——"Chinese Population History"

Material 2: Together with corn, red potatoes, potatoes, sorghum, soybeans and peanuts play an important role in raising humans. In the past, a considerable portion of China's hills and mountains were unable to grow millet and remained in a barbaric state. Now, corn, sweet potatoes and potatoes are marching towards the mountains, green mountains, hills and river beaches. The earth is fully utilized to support human reproduction. ——"Chinese Population History"

Material 3: Under the pressure of population expansion, immigrants have become a "vent valve" for the population. What is particularly worthy of attention is that the people who migrated to the cities had no jobs and settled down to form a secondary social group composed of hooligans, beggars, thieves, gamblers, prostitutes, superstitious professionals and murderers. Gang groups also emerged as a result, becoming a source of social unrest. The continuous feuds between clans and locals that reappeared in the late Qing Dynasty were essentially related to the struggle for living space due to the small amount of land and the large number of people. Population expansion is actually one of the potential reasons for brewing peasant uprisings, large and small. ——"Why the population expanded unprecedentedly in the Qing Dynasty", "Yangcheng Evening News" March 2, 1998

Thoughts of prosperous times

Material 2: "The Golden Age of Kangxi and Qianlong" and the same moment in world history (17th-18th centuries)

Britain: carried out and completed the bourgeois revolution, promulgated the Bill of Rights in 1689, and gradually established a constitutional monarchy. In the 1860s, the Industrial Revolution unfolded and productivity increased rapidly.

France: In the mid-17th century, Louis XIV carried out reforms and implemented mercantilist policies, which objectively promoted the development of capitalism. In the second half of the 18th century, the French bourgeois revolution broke out.

United States: 1775-1783, the War of Independence broke out. In 1787, the Constitution was drawn up. In 1789, the first federal government was formed.

Research: Some people believe that the "Kangxi and Qianlong Dynasties" surpassed any other prosperous times in previous generations and are worthy of praise; others believe that compared with Europe at the same time, the "Kangxi and Qianlong Dynasties" had potential crises and were "the setting sun". Afterglow".

Combine the knowledge and materials learned in this lesson and share your views.

Summary of this lesson

The Ming and Qing dynasties inherited the multi-ethnic unified country pattern of the Yuan Dynasty. Through the hard work of the rulers and the hard work of the people of all ethnic groups, there emerged a prosperous scene of agricultural development, industrial and commercial development, and population growth, which is known as the "Kangxi and Qianlong Dynasties" in history.

Today's China is also becoming stronger and stronger, and the experiences and lessons of history are still worthy of our continuous learning and reflection.

Consolidation exercises

1. The origin of crops such as peanuts, sunflowers, and potatoes is ( )

A. Western Regions B. Western C． Oriental D． South America

2. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the two largest and most powerful regional business groups were ( )

A. Shanxi merchants and Huizhou merchants B. Huizhou merchants and Zhejiang merchants

C. Su Shang and Lu Shang D. Lu merchants and Shanxi merchants

3. The reasons for economic development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are ( )

①Reunification of multi-ethnic countries and social stability

②The rulers attach great importance to production and adopt a series of measures such as encouraging land reclamation and building water conservancy projects.

③Introduction of exotic high-yielding crops

④Population decrease

A. ①②④ B． ①③④

C. ①②③ D． ①②③④

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Economic and Cultural Development and China's Economic Development and National Strength on the Eve of Modern Times", please click the Economic and Cultural Development and China's Economic Development and National Strength on the Eve of Modern Times ppt tab.

"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 3:

"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 3 1. Recovery and development of agricultural economy 1. Reasons During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, rulers attached great importance to agricultural production 2. Performance (1) Rulers strongly encouraged Reclamation (2) corn,...

"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 2:

"Economic Development and National Power" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 2 Riddle guessing Riddle 1: A creature is really strange. It has a beard growing from its waist. If you pluck the beard and peel it off, you will see rows of teeth. . Riddle 2: Take off the red tassel hat, take off the thousand layers...

"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware:

"Economic Development and National Strength" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware Learning objectives 1. Master the historical facts of the rapid economic recovery in the early Qing Dynasty and understand its reasons. 2. Understand the basic status of the development of industry and commerce in the Qing Dynasty and its important role in commercial activities.

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Update Time: 2024-10-08

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